Combining Ability Analysis for Yield and Yield Components in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.
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Date
2023-06
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G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145
Abstract
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) is a major pulse crop grown in the rabi season, which contributes significantly to the nutritional security of the country. The present investigation was undertaken at Pulse Breeding Block of N. E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, GBPUA&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India, during rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22 crop season to estimate combining ability and gene action, to determine the magnitude of heterosis and to study the morphological and molecular diversity among the lentil genotypes. Eight genotypes were used as parents and were crossed in all possible combinations in a half diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals) to produce 28 F1 hybrids during the rabi crop season of 2020-21 and evaluation of 28 F1 hybrids, along with eight parents and one check DPL 62 during the rabi crop season of 2021-22. The observation on seven different morphological characters were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each replication and the appropriate statistical methods were used to draw the conclusion. ANOVA for diallel analysis resulted in significant mean sum of square due to parents and hybrids revealing the presence of considerable variability among them. The estimates of σ² SCA were found to be higher than the σ2 GCA for days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity and number of primary branches, while for rest of the characters σ2 GCA were higher as compared to σ² SCA. Higher SCA than the corresponding GCA indicates the presence of dominance gene action or non-additive gene effects. The Parent PL 7 was found to be good general combiner for maximum number of six characters including seed yield per plant (g). The cross PL 7 x LH 84-8 had good SCA effects for a maximum five number of traits including seed yield per plant (g). Among twenty-eight hybrids, nine hybrids i.e., PL 8 x PL 7 (41.50%), PL 8 x PL 5 (30.28%), PL 8 x PL 406 (27.10%), PL 8 x L 4147 (18.13%), PL 8 x PL 4 (17.94%), PL 8 x PL 639 (15.70%), PL 5 x PL 7 (14.21%), PL 7 x LH 84-8 (12.90%), PL 7 x L4147 (11.21%) revealed positive and significant standard heterosis over check DPL 62.
Mahalanobis D2 statics, grouped 25 genotypes of lentil into five different clusters. The cluster I is the largest cluster contain 15 genotypes followed by cluster II and cluster III (4 genotypes each), whereas cluster IV and V each retained one genotype. Based on the inter-cluster distance, genotypes present in cluster III (DPL 62, IC 201798, EC 1 and ILWLS 118-1) and cluster V (PL 406) were recognized as genetically most divergent. Therefore, these genotypes can be hybridized and superior transgressive segregants can be obtained in segregating generations. Based on the cluster means genotypes present in cluster V (PL 406) was identified as a potential donor to obtain superior recombinants concerning seed yield and its contributing traits.
Molecular diversity among 25 elite genotypes was carried out using 20 SSR markers. Out of these 20 SSR markers, four markers were found polymorphic. Polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.855 (SSR 107) to 0.538 (SSR 156) respectively. The analysis of dendrogram revealing the relationship among 25 lentil genotypes. Jaccard similarity coefficient ranged from 0.45 to 0.82 among 25 genotypes. The super cluster is divided into two sub clusters A and B at Jaccard similarity coefficient of 0.45. Cluster A is further divided into two cluster A1 and A2 at Jaccard similarity coefficient of 0.59, each containing 12 genotypes. Cluster B contains only one genotype IC 201798, which found to be most diverse from rest of the genotypes. There is no direct relationship between morphological and molecular diversity as the genotypes those are grouped in same cluster on the basis of morpholog ical diversity, grouped into different clusters on molecular diversity basis.