Amelioration by ascorbic acid in Cyprinus carpio (Linn.) exposed to chromium
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Date
2019
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Ascorbic acid is known for its ability to attenuate the toxic effects caused by metal pollutants. Chromium is one of the metal pollutants which when present beyond permissible limits in water can lead to deleterious effects in fishes. So, the present study was planned to assess the ameliorative effects of ascorbic acid (AsA) on chromium induced alterations in fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio L. following chronic exposure for 28 days. Static bioassay test revealed 96hr LC50 for chromium to be 176.97ppm. Fingerlings of C. carpio were exposed to two sublethal concentrations (1/10th and 1/5th LC50) of chromium for 28 days, with and without dietary supplementation of AsA. Chromium toxicity resulted in decrease of TEC, Hb and Ht values whereas, an increase was recorded in TLC, MCV, MHC and MCHC values. The blood parameters were observed to be restoring towards normal levels in fishes provided with AsA supplemented diet. A significant increase in the activities of oxidative stress enzymes viz. SOD, CAT, GR, GST, GPx LPO and aminotransferases (AST and ALT) was noticed. However, the increase in enzyme activity was less pronounced in AsA supplemented groups. Similarly, the protein content in liver and flesh while the lipid content in flesh recorded a decrease which was found to improve with AsA supplementation. Liver revealed chromium induced degenerative changes like vacuolization, pyknosis, and degenerated hepatocytes. Kidney and gills also showed histological alterations like degeneration of tubules, glomeruli and damaged lamellae. Dietary ascorbic acid reversed the effects to some extent in all the three tissues. The exposure to chromium resulted in its bioconcentration in fish flesh which was ameliorated by AsA supplementation. Complete elimination of accumulated chromium in surviving fishes was recorded after ten days of depuration in chromium free water. In conclusion, the results of present study revealed ameliorative effects of ascorbic acid against the chromium induced toxicity in common carp.
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