Antimicrobial Resistance Traits in Selected Food Borne Bacteria Recovered From Raw Chicken and Eggs
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Date
2024-04-10
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MAFSU, Nagpur
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health threat, and it is also a food
safety concern. Foods of animal origin are considered major vehicles for the
transmission of resistant foodborne bacteria. Limited information on resistance in food animals is available due to inadequate AMR monitoring systems. This study was
undertaken to find out the prevalence of resistant E. coli, Salmonella, Enterococcus,
and S. aureus in raw chicken and table eggs. Altogether, 240 samples comprised of
raw chicken and eggs (120 each) were collected. The prevalence of E. coli (48.33%),
and Enterococci (42.5%) was more as compared to S. aureus (22.5%), and
Salmonella (19.16%) in raw chicken. On eggshell surfaces, E. faecium was more
prevalent than E. faecalis. Salmonella could not be detected from eggshells. E. coli
isolates were resistant to tetracycline, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, and ampicillin. They
were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol. Over 44 (75.86%) E.
coli were MDR strains. Salmonella isolates from chicken also showed 100%
resistance to tetracycline, and cefazolin (56.52%). S. aureus isolated were highly
resistant to clindamycin, linezolid, methicillin, and oxacillin. Enterococci were highly
resistant to tetracycline, vancomycin, clindamycin, and erythromycin, and 94.11% of
Enterococci were MDR strains. ESBL-positive strains could not be detected by the
phenotypic method, however, blaTEM and tetA genes were predominantly detected in
E. coli and Salmonella. blaCTX-M was present in one isolate and blaSHV was present in
two E. coli obtained from chicken. None of the phenotypically positive methicillinresistant
S. aureus was positive for mecA gene. We could not detect stx1/stx2 genes in
E. coli; however, Salmonella isolates of chicken were positive for invA (100%), stn
(55.55%), spvR (22.22%), and iroB (44.44%) virulent genes. Continuous surveillance
to recognize the shifting pattern of resistance, ESBL phenotypes, and associated
genetic elements in foodborne bacteria of animals and poultry is necessary.