Screening of Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes for Physiological efficiency and Productivity
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Date
2013
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JNKVV
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present research experiment entitled “Screening of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes for physiological efficiency and productivity” was conducted during Kharif season of 2012-13 at the Research Farm, Adhartal area, Department of Agronomy, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design replicated thrice and treatments comprised of eight maize genotypes Viz., 3110, KAVERI SUPER 244, KMH 3696, KMH 2589, KMH 3712, KAVERI 25-K60, KAVER 25-K45 and HPQM which were assessed for various morphophysiological traits and productivity potential.
The results revealed that among phenological traits indicated that KAVERI 25-K45 had the earliest tassels initiation (47.33 days), cob emergence (53.00 days) and days to grain formation (60.67 days), however KAVERI SUPER 244 was found to be associated with longer reproductive phase (62.66 days). KMH 3712 (100.33 days) attained the physiological maturity at the earliest. These traits may be utilized in a breeding programme. Genotypes KAVERI SUPER 244 for higher dry matter production in cobs (60.14 g/plant) as well as total (101.88 g/plant), KAVERI 25-K45- LAI (2.16), LAD (28893.33 cm2days), CGR (0.0012 g/cm2/day), protein (%) (9.12) and carbohydrate %(65.13), KMH 3712- fat%(4.13), KAVERI 25-K45- fibre % (3.24), KAVERI 25-K60- quantum efficiency (0.0124), photosynthetic rate (14.96 µmol/m2/s), HPQM- carboxylation efficiency (0.057 µmol/m2/s-1(µmolmmol-1)-1), KMH 3696- water use efficiency (4.74 µmol/mmol) and mesophyll efficiency (1523.60 µmol/mmol), KMH 3712- chlorophyll index (21.40 g/m2) and transpiration rate (4.12 mmol/m2/s) may be utilized in a breeding programme for mentioned traits.
Genotype KAVERI SUPER 244 possessed an average higher (10.91 g) dry matter in leaves, flag leaves (0.345 g) and cobs (44.66 g/plant), LAI (2.34),LAD (31031.17cm2.days), SLA (252.93cm2/g), RGR (0.0576g/g/day), CGR(0.00121g/cm2/day), longest reproductive period (62.66 days) and a comparatively higher quantum efficiency (0.01183) and photosynthetic rate (14.19 µmol/m2/s) resulted in a higher magnitudes of plant height(153.98 cm), cob number/plant (2.00), grain number/cob (227.84), cob length (25.19 cm) and cob girth (39.10 mm) which in turn had reflected in highest grain yield (48.39 g/plant and 6452 kg/ha). KAVERI 25-K60 was ranked second in yield performance (39.19 g/plant and 5481 kg/ha) owing to a comparatively higher magnitudes for number of cobs (1.67), grain number/cob (157.60) and cob length (23.67 cm) resultant of comparatively higher magnitudes of physiological parameters.