MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION FOR DURABLE GALL MIDGE (Orseolia oryzae) RESISTANCE IN RICE
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Date
2018
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PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
Biotic stresses such as gall midge (GM) and bacterial blight (BB) account for
significant economic losses annually in rice. The major resistance genes viz., Gm4,
gm3, Gm8 for GM and xa13, Xa21 for BB offer resistance to these stresses. Marker
assisted pedigree selection was carried out at Institute of Biotechnology, PJTSAU,
Hyderabad to develop rice lines with resistance to these stresses. For this three parents
involved in a crossing programme viz., NIL of MTU1010 (Gm4, xa13, Xa21), RP2068-
18-3-5 (gm3) and Aganni (Gm8) were used. During Rabi 2014-15 two crosses were
made involving NIL of MTU1010 as female parent and RP2068-18-3-5 and Aganni as
male parents. F1 seeds obtained in these crosses were raised in Kharif 2015. Functional
markers (LRR del for Gm4, gm3del3 for gm3, PRP for Gm8, xa13 promo for xa13
gene) and another closely gene linked marker (pTA248 for Xa21) were used to confirm
hybridity of the two crosses. One plant from each cross were intercrossed to get ICF1
seeds. During Rabi 2015-16, ICF1 plants were raised, genotyped using aforesaid
markers. One plant with desired gene combination
(Gm4gm4Gm3gm3Gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) was selected and forwarded to ICF2
generaton. During Kharif 2016 ICF2 plants were genotyped and 7 distinct gene
combinations (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21,
Gm4Gm4gm3gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21,
Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21,
gm4gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21,
Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21,
gm4gm4gm3gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21 and
gm4gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) representing five gene, four gene and
three gene combinations were selected and forwarded to ICF3 generation. During Rabi
2016-17 ICF3 progenies obtained from selected ICF2 plants were checked for uniformity
of genes using aforesaid functional markers. Single plant selections were forwarded to
ICF4 generation for phenotyping studies. A total of 69 ICF4 lines comprising of 51 five
gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21), 9 four gene
pyramids (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21,
Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21 and
ii
gm4gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) and another 9 three gene pyramids
(Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21,
gm4gm4gm3gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21,
gm4gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) were subjected to phenotyping
studies at RARS, Warangal where natural occurrence of GMB4M is prevalent. Out of
69 ICF4 lines, 12 lines scored ‘0’ with zero percent incidence of silvershoot. Among the
12, ten are five gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) and
two are four gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21). 37
lines scored ‘1’ with less than 1% incidence of silvershoots. Out of 37 lines, 36 are five
gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) and one is four gene
pyramid (Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21). Hence these 49 progenies
with 0 and 1 scores were considered as resistant. Phenotyping was done in these 49
progenies for gall midge resistance against GMB1 biotype at ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad
under green house condition. Results showed that out of the 49 lines except three five
gene pyramid ICF4 lines remaining scored ‘0’ hence considered as resistant. Therefore a
total of 46 lines considered to be showing resistance against both the gall midge
biotypes. As a whole five gene pyramids performed better followed by four gene
pyramids, indicating the complementary/additive nature of GM resistance genes. BB
screening in these 46 lines shown most of them scored ‘1’ and a few scored ‘3’ hence
all these lines were considered to be resistant for BB. There is no antagonistic nature
was observed between gall midge and BB genes. Agronomic evaluation also shown 12
lines performed better when compared with standard check MTU1010. Out of 12, five
lines (F2-646-14, F2-701-11, F2-701-15, F2-735-12 and F2-899-1) registered significant
yield superiority to MTU1010, while 7 lines (F2-598-12, F2-646-8, F2-646-18, F2-811-
16, F2-899-9, F2-998-2 and F2-36-11) showed numerical superiority over MTU1010
along with durable GM and BB resistance. In the present study phenotypic correlation
coefficient analysis revealed that plant height, productive tillers, panicle length and
number of seeds/panicle components contributed to the plant yield. Through pedigree
method of breeding with marker assisted selection, we have successfully combined GM
and BB resistance genes against two important biotic stresses i.e. gall midge and
bacterial blight.
Key words: Gall midge, Bacterial Blight, functional markers, gene pyramid, Gm4,
gm3, Gm8, xa13 and Xa21 genes.
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D10,342