PHYTO FEED ADDITIVES IN POULTRY NUTRITION – A REVIEW
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Date
2018-06
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Abstract
Phyto feed additives are plant-based feed additives or botanicals that are used in
natural substances used in poultry nutrition. These substances are derived from herbs, spices,
other plants and their extracts, like essential oils. They are natural, less toxic, residue free and
ideal feed additives for poultry when compared to synthetic antibiotics. Most common herbs
and spices for phyto feed additives in poultry production are oregano, thyme, garlic,
horseradish, chili, cayenne, pepper, peppermint, cinnamon, anise, clove, rosemary and sage.
Many beneficial properties of phytogenic compounds derive from their bioactive molecules
are carvacrol, thymol, cineole, linalool, anethole, eugenol, allicin, capsaicin, allyl
isothiocyanate and piperine. Phyto feed additives have antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral,
antitoxigenic, antiparasitic and insecticidal properties. The benefits of using phyto feed
additives in poultry nutrition are increased feed intake, stimulation of digestion, increased
growth performance, reduced incidence of disease, improved reproductive parameters, feed
efficiency, profitability and reducing poultry house emissions. Phyto feed additives from
aromatic plant parts could be included ranged from 0.01-30 g/kg (oregano 10 to 30 g/kg,
garlic at 1.5-2 g/ kg feed, rosemary at 5-10 g/kg feed and rosemary powder at 0.5 g/kg feed)
whereas essential oils could be included in the feed (rosemary and sage extracts at 500 mg/kg
of feed, oregano essential oil at 50-300 mg/kg feed, clove essential oil at 100-600 mg/kg feed,
thymol at 100 mg/kg feed). To maximize the overall performance of poultry, phyto feed
additives should be used as an alternative feed additives in poultry production because of the
absence of side effects, residual effects, non-hazardous and eco-friendly.
Description
TNV_IJSET_2018_7(3)815-822
Keywords
Veterinary Science