WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) RESPONSE TO DRIP LATERAL GEOMETRY, IRRIGATION REGIMES AND FREQUENCY 3006
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Date
2019-10
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
JAU, JUNAGADH
Abstract
Water demand has been growing rapidly due to population growth and
increasing living standards and as a result, water shortage has become serious
problem which have made it necessary to improve water management in an effective
way. Several possible approaches such as irrigation technologies and efficient
irrigation scheduling may be adapted for more effective uses of limited water
supplies. The great challenge of the agricultural sector is to produce more food from
less water, which can be achieved by increasing crop water productivity. Irrigation
scheduling is the process which determines the timing and quantity of water to be
applied to the crop. To avoid over or under watering, it is important to know how
much water is available to the plant, and how efficiently the plant can use it. Since
drip irrigation has the potential for improving water use efficiency and yields, it is
increasingly being used in this region. Proper scheduling of drip irrigation is critical
for efficient water management in crop production. Realizing the necessity, an
experiment was conducted at Research cum demonstration farm, Research Testing
and Training Centre, Junagadh Agricultural University during year 2018-19, to study
effect of drip lateral geometry (3 rows per lateral, 4 rows per lateral and 6 rows per
lateral), irrigation regimes (0.8 ETc and 1.0 ETc) and irrigation frequency (2 days, 3
days and 5 days) on wheat. Each treatment was replicated twice. Results revealed that
higher yield attributes, highest grain yield (4825 kg/ha), water use efficiency (12.82
kg/ha-mm), water productivity (293.2 ₹/m
3
of water), benefit cost ratio (2.42),
Internal rate of return (92.46%) and total net income (₹175922.77/ha) was observed
under drip lateral geometry of 3 rows per lateral, scheduled at 0.8 ETc and 2 days
irrigation frequency. Lowest water use efficiency (3.95 kg/ha-mm), water productivity
(92.36 ₹/ m
3
of water), benefit cost ratio (0.85) and total net income (₹55413.80/ha)
was found for lateral geometry of 6 rows per lateral, scheduled at 0.8 ETc and 5 days
irrigation frequency. Results also revealed that higher heat use efficiency (2.43 kg/ha
°C day) was observed under drip lateral geometry of 3 rows per lateral, scheduled at
irrigation regimes 0.8 ETc irrigated at 2 days irrigation frequency and lower heat use efficiency (0.75 kg/ha °C day) was observed under drip lateral geometry of 6 rows per
lateral scheduled at 0.8 ETc and irrigated at 5 days frequency. The most precise
equation based on powered relationships between accumulations of crop
evapotranspiration (AETc) and accumulation of growing degree-days (AGDD) for
wheat crop was generated with R2
= 0.9792, which will be the most precise equation
of estimating the amount of crop evapotranspiration.