ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PIG FARMING IN ORGANIZED AND UNORGANIZED FARM IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND
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Date
2008
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Publisher
Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Abstract
In Jharkhand, pig rearing is a traditional occupation of tribals and some
weaker section of society. Pig can be reared economically with minimum expenditure
on housing and equipments. Pig husbandry requires minimum labour with quick
handsome return, which serves as important source of income for rural people. With
the adoption of improved pig rearing practices under rural conditions, there will be
significant increase in income of the poor farmers in the country who traditionally rear
pigs. However, no effort have been made to study the adoption and knowledge of the
improved pig farming practices. Also there is very limited attempt to estimate the
economics of pig enterprise in the field condition.
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Keeping the above facts in view and the importance of pig in economic
upliftment of poor farmers of Jharkhand state, the present study is planned to have a
comparative study of the organized and un-organized pig farms of Ranchi district and
also to see the gap between the existing practices and the recommended scientific
practices.
The present study entitled “ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PIG
FARMING IN ORGANIZED AND UN-ORGANIZED FARM IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF
JHARKHAND” has been designed with the following objectives :-
1. To study the socio-personal profile of the pig owners.
2. To study existing pig rearing practices followed by the pig owners of
organized and un-organized farms.
3. To study the knowledge and adoption of improved pig rearing practices in
organized and un-organized farms.
4. To estimate the cost and return from pig enterprise for pig production.
5. To study the marketing of pig and pork in organized and un-organized farms
of Ranchi district.
The present study was carried out in Ranchi district of Jharkhand. A list
of all the organized farms in Ranchi district was obtained from Pig Breeding Farm,
Ranchi Veterinary College, Kanke, Ranchi. 25 organized pig farms were selected
randomly from the list and equal number of un-organized farms were selected from the
adjoining areas. Thus a total of 50 respondents were selected for the study.
The data was collected personally through a well structured and
presented interview schedule supported with personal observation and guided field
walks. The data thus collected was compiled, tabulated and subjected to the statistical
analysis viz., Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard deviation, t-test, correlation
were used for proper interpretation of data.
Majority of the respondents were found to be middle age group (31 to 50
years), large family size and low extension contacts.
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Majority of the respondents (60.00%) of organized pig farm was found belonging to ST
category whereas in un-organized pig farm, majority of the respondents (48.00%) was
found belonging to SC category.
Majority of the respondents (40.00%) of organized pig farm were
matriculate where as majority of the respondents (52.00%) of un-organized pig farm
could read and write only. The „t‟ value indicated highly significant difference between
the respondents of organized and un-organized pig farms.
Majority of the respondents (68.00%) of organized pig farm had pig
rearing as primary occupation whereas majority of the respondents (84.00%) of unorganized
pig farm had pig rearing a secondary occupation.
Majority of the respondents (64.00%) of organized pig farm possessed
large land holding size (above 10.0 acre), whereas majority of respondents (48.00%)
of un-organized pig farm had marginal land holding (0.1 to 2.5 acre). There was highly
significant difference between the respondents of organized and un-organized pig
farm.
Average livestock size of organized pig farm was found to be 38.48
whereas in un-organized pig farm, it was found to be 15.6.
Majority of the respondents (52.00%) of organized pig farm had high extension
contact, whereas majority of the respondents (56.00%) of un-organized pig farm had
low extension contact and there was highly significant difference between the
respondents of organized and un-organized pig farm.
Majority of the respondents had experience of about 5 years in pig
rearing.
Average litre size in organized pig farm was found to be 11.72 whereas
in un-organized pig farm it was found to be 6.48.
Most of the respondents of organized pig farm had high level of management whereas
most of the respondents of un-grganized pig farm had medium and low level of
management. The „t‟ value indicated highly significant difference between respondents
of organized and un-organized pig farm.
Most of the respondents of organized pig farm had high level of
knowledge whereas most of the respondents of un-organized pig farms had medium
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and low level of knowledge. There was highly significance difference between
respondents of organized and un-organized pig farms.
Most of the respondents (52.00%) of organized pig farm had high level of
adoption of improved pig rearing practices, whereas in un-organized pig farm, most of
the respondents (56.00%) had low level of adoption. There was highly significance
difference between respondents of organized and un-organized pig farms.
Zero order correlation revealed that education, occupation, stock size,
extension contact and net annual income were found to be significantly correlated with
knowledge.
Cost and return analysis revealed that the respondents of organized pig
farm were able to fetch the net income of Rs. 1588.36 per pig per annum, whereas
incase of un-organized pig farm, respondents were able to fetch the net income of Rs.
974.60 per pig per annum.
IMPLICATIONS :
Based on the finding of the present work following implication can be
made :
1. Results of the study indicated that pig rearing is being carried out mostly by
ST & SC category. There is need to promote pig rearing on scientific lines
among other sections of the society.
2. Results of the study further show that extension contact of un-organized pig
farm was low in the study area. Therefore, there is an urgent need that the
extension agencies should make regular visit to the villages for motivating
about scientific pig rearing practices.
3. Research finding of the study makes evidence that pig owner of unorganized
farm had a low level of knowledge, adoption & management
towards pig rearing. Therefore, it becomes necessary that the pig owners of
un-organized farm are provided proper training in scientific pig rearing so as
to enhance their knowledge, adoption and management.
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4. A major finding of the study, the sale of pork product was not found. So,
training camps need to organize on preparation of various pork products
such as ham, bacon, sausage etc, which would help in enhancing the
income of pig owners from this enterprise.
Description
ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PIG FARMING IN ORGANIZED AND UNORGANIZED FARM IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND
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