An Economic Analysis of Production and Marketing of Muskmelon in Jaipur District of Rajasthan
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Date
2022
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Abstract
The present investigation has been undertaken in Jaipur district
of Rajasthan with a view to study about growth rates in area,
production and productivity of muskmelon in Jaipur district as well as in
Rajasthan state, costs structures of muskmelon and marketing costs.
margins and price spread in marketing of muskmelon and constraints
faced by farmers in muskmelon cultivation. Total 80 muskmelon
cultivators were selected randomly for detailed study. In the study area,
one regulated market namely Krishi Upaj Mandi Samiti, Muhana, Jaipur
was purposively selected for the study and 6 village traders, 6
wholesalers cum commission agents and 8 retailers were selected for
detailed study.
Primary data for agricultural year 2020-21 and secondary data
on area, production and productivity of muskmelon in Jaipur district and
in the Rajasthan state for period of 2010-11 to 2020-21 (i.e., 11 year)
was collected and submitted to various techniques and tools for
drawing the results and relevant conclusions.
Results of growth rates showed that growth rates in area,
production and productivity of muskmelon in Jaipur district were found
to be negative whereas, in Rajasthan state as a whole, growth trends
were also found negative in area and production of muskmelon and it
was observed as positive trend in productivity of muskmelon during the
study period.
The study of cost structure of muskmelon indicated that, on an
average, total cost of cultivation of muskmelon was `72370.97 per
hectare. It was highest (`75833.22per hectare) on medium farms and
lowest (`68383.02per hectare) on small farms. Overall gross returns,
net returns, farm business income and family labour income were `
235834.48,`159849.63, `186295.56and `167607.82per hectare,
respectively. Cost of production was highest (`740.18 per quintal) for
small farmers and lowest (`715.94 per quintal) for medium farmers with
an overall average of`726.50 per quintal. On an average, returns per
rupee were ` 3.10.
It was observed that the sample farmers adopted three
marketing channels viz. Channel-I (Producer → Village trader →
Wholesaler- cum- commission agent → Retailers → Consumer),
Channel-II (Producer → Wholesaler- cum- commission agent →
Retailers → Consumer) and Channel-III (Producer → Consumer) in
sale of muskmelon. In sale of muskmelon, majority of farmers (56.25
per cent of total sample farmers) was sold their produce in channel-II
followed by channel-I (30.00 per cent) and channel-III (13.75 per cent).
Analysis of the study showed that, total marketing costs in sale
of muskmelon were `357.45 and `323.74 per quintal in channel-I and
channel-II, respectively, whereas, channel-III was found to be a direct
channel. Marketing margins in sale of muskmelon were `450.84 per
quintal (15.77 per cent) in channel-I and 351.73 per quintal (12.43 per
cent) in channel-II. The price spread in channel-I was 808.29 per
quintal, which was 28.27 per cent of price paid by consumer. Per
quintal price spread in channel-II was `675.47 and it was 23.88 per cent
of consumer’s price. There was no price spread in channel-III.
The major problems faced by the farmers in production of
muskmelon were lack of knowledge about plant protection chemicals,
technical guidance unavailable at the time of sowing and unavailability
and lack knowledge about grading and standardization, unavailability of
quality seed variety, high rate of plant protection chemicals. Lack of
irrigation facilities and high cost of labour. In case of marketing of
muskmelon, prime problems faced by farmer were fluctuation in market
price of the muskmelon,lack of storage facilities and low price of good
quality product in the market, transportation facilities are very costly,
lack of knowledge about market intelligence, unnecessary deduction in
market at the time of selling, lack of export marketing in the locality