Effect of Soil Application of Mycorrhizal Biofertilizer on Growth and Yield of Kharif Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2024-10-25
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Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia – 741252
Abstract
Human population is increasing day by day. To fulfil the food demand of the world population, crop production must be increased at the higher rate. But, the overuse of agrochemicals imparts harmful effects on plants and animals, environment and human health directly or indirectly. Keep this in mind, application of biological products or microbial inoculants are being increased in present days to protect the environment from pollution and produce agricultural crops in a sustainable way. One such application is the use of mycorrhizal biofertilizer in agriculture to supply all kind of plant nutrients. Mycorrhizal inoculation improves crop growth and yield, increases the uptake of nutrients, helps the crop to stand in adverse climatic condition, possesses disease resistance, reduces heavy metal contamination and improves nutrient status of soil. Several studies have shown the positive effects of mycorrhizal inoculation on rice in different climatic condition. Present study aims to assess the impact of various dosages of mycorrhizal biofertilizer on different growth parameters and yield attributing characters of transplanted kharif rice in lowland condition.
The experiment was conducted at Kalyani “C” Block Incheck Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (B.C.K.V.), Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India during the kharif season of 2023. The farm is located in the New Alluvial Zone of lower Indo-Gangetic plain of West Bengal. It is nearer to the Tropic of Cancer having 89⁰ E longitude, 23⁰ N latitude and altitude of 9.75 m above mean sea level. The experimental trial was followed in Randomized Block Design (RBD) having three (3) replications and seven (7) treatments, altogether having 21 treatment combinations. The treatments were T1 – 100% RDF, T2 – 100% RDF + Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 2.5 kg ha-1at basal, T3 – 100% RDF + Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 5 kg ha-1at basal, T4 – 100% RDF + Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 7.5 kg ha-1at basal, T5 – 100% RDF + Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 10 kg ha-1at basal, T6 – 100% RDF + Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 12.5 kg ha-1at basal, T7 – 100% RDF + Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 15 kg ha-1at basal. The variety was Satabdi (IET 4786) and transplanting was done on 2nd August, 2023. Mycorrhizal biofertilizer was applied along with RDF at basal.
Highest plant height (cm) was observed in T5 treatment (100% RDF + Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 10 kg ha-1at basal) during the entire growth stages. Maximum dry matter accumulation (gm-2 day-1) at different days was recorded under T5treatment. Root volume (cm) and root length (cm) were highest in T5 at different days. In terms of yield attributes and associated characters, T5 also became the best treatment. Maximum number of panicles m-2 (265.00) and filled grains panicle-1(125.67) were obtained from T5 treatment. Grain yield (4.95 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.34 t ha-1) were highest in T5. Mycorrhizal application also possessed greatest effect on T5 treatment. Highest amount of residual available N, P, K and organic carbon (OC) were recorded from 100% RDF along with Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 10 kg ha-1at basal after harvest. In respect of economics, maximum net return (Rs.77474ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.22) were obtained from treatment T5.
So, from the experimental results, we can conclude that, the treatment T5 (100% RDF along with Mycorrhizal biofertilizer @ 10 kg ha-1at basal) recorded highest grain yield (4.95 t ha-1), straw yield (6.34 t ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.22) in the New Alluvial Zone of lower Indo-Gangetic plain of West Bengal.