ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE POST-NATAL DEVELOPMENT OF MALE GENITAL SYSTEM OF PATI DUCK (Anas platyrhynchos) OF ASSAM
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Date
2020-11
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College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to elaborate certain gross anatomical,
histomorphological, histochemical, ultrastructural, haematological and serum
biochemical aspect of male genital organs of Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos) of Assam
during the postnatal development. Total 30 (thirty) numbers of apparently healthy Pati
ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) were utilized for present study.
The testis of Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos) was located within the abdominal
cavity. The organ was elongated rice-grain like in 1 month which changed to oval shaped
in 20 weeks and bean shaped in 30 and 40 weeks. The epididymis was found on the
dorso-medial aspect of testis. The epididymal duct of the testis continued as Vas
deferens. The convoluted vas deferens tightly coiled in a zingzag pattern till 20 weeks
and the convolutions loosened in 30 and 40 weeks. The vas deferens was translucent in 1
month and 6-8 weeks whereas in 30 and 40 weeks they were opaque white with presence
of spermatozoa in the lumen. The phallus coiled in anti-clockwise direction from the
base to the apex. The ejaculatory groove and sulcus divide the shaft into two lateral
bodies. The length increased with age.
The testis of Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos) had a capsule which had three parts
viz., tunica serosa, tunica albugenia and tunica vasculosa. The thickness of the capsule of
the testis gradually increased along the advancement of the age i.e. from 1 month to 40
week age group. The collagen, reticular, elastic and nerve fibers were observed within
the capsule and as well the peritubular area of the seminiferous tubules. The thickness of
the capsule and distribution of all the fibers increased along with the advancement of the
age i.e. from 1 month to 40 week age group.
The parenchyma of the testis of the Pati duck (Anas platyrhynchos) consisted of
complex and convoluted seminiferous tubules separated by interstitial connective tissue.
No lobulation and mediastinum testis. The diameter as wells as layers of cell of the ST
increased with age. One month and 6-8 weeks birds semiferous tubules were mainly
composed of Sertoli cells, spermatogonium cells and vacuolated cells. In 20 weeks the
cells were 3 to 5 layers consisting of spermatocyte along with other cells. The ST of 30
and 40 weeks age groups had 8 to 17 layers of cells formed by different stages of
spermatogenesis. The interstitial connective tissue decreased with increased in age. The
epididymal region consisted of rete testis which was intracapsular and extracapsular,
efferent duct with smooth and folded epithelium, collecting duct and epididymal duct
having the same epithelial lining. The vas deferens diameter increased with age. Smooth
epithelium at the cranial part and folded epithelium at caudal part. The phallus has a
narrow lumen which was surrounded by a very large lymphatic space and vascular body.
In the present histochemical study of male genital organ of Pati duck, the reaction
of Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme decreased with age in the testis, moderate in the vas
deferens and intesnse in the phallus. The reaction of the Acid Phosphatase moderate in
the testis and vas deferens of all age group, while phallus had intense and moderate
activity area. The Adenosine Tri Phosphatase (ATPase) activity increased with increased
in age in the testis, weak activity in the vas deferens and phallus with intense and weak
activity area.
Under TEM two types of leydig cells viz., elongated and polygonal shaped was
found, they contain numerous lipid droplets along with mitochondria and endoplasmic
reticulum. Sertoli cell had large and irregularly shaped nucleus which had intranuclear
cleft. The prominent nucleoli of sertoli cell nucleus had a very dense and moderately
dense area. In the peritubular space layers of overlapping myoid cells was found. Within
seminiferous tubules cellular detailed of spermatogenic cells were observed.
Age related change observed with Testosterone hormone which increased with
increased in age. T3 and T4 hormones were higher in younger age while Cortisol was
higher in older groups. Among the haematological parameters significant changes was
found in PCV, WBC, monocyte and neutrophils. ALP was the only serum enzyme which
showed significant changes between age groups. Serum metabolites viz., total protein,
albumin and creatinine showed significant changes among the differentage group.