STUDIES OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL INDICES OF COTTON ((Gossypium hirsutum L.)) GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT SOWING TIMES AND PLANT DENSITY.
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Date
2022-04-06
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Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra.
Abstract
Abstract: A research entitled “Studies of Agrometeorological indices of cotton genotypes under different sowing times and plant density” was conducted at the All India Coordinated Research Project on Agrometeorology, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (Maharashtra) during kharif season 2019-20. Three cotton genotypes viz, hirsutum cotton AKH-081, arboreum cotton AKA-7 and Bt cotton Balwan with two plant densities at the population density of 60 x 10 cm (1,66,666 pl/ha) and 75 x 10 cm (1,33,333 pl/ha) with two weather variability of monsoon sowing and late sowing were laid out in split plot design with three replications. Soil of experimental plot was medium deep black. Cotton crop was sown on June 28 and July 12, 2019. Total rainfall of 775.0 mm received during the crop growing season.
Monsoon sowing recorded more physiological growth in terms of plant height, number of leaves, dry matter accumulation than late sowing and gives more seed cotton yield than late sowing. Bt cotton genotype Balwan recorded higher growth in terms of leaf area and total dry matter weight plant-1. Significantly more number of sympodial branches, number of boll and seed cotton weight plant-1 was produced by Balwan. Genotype Balwan required more number of days to maturity. High population density at 60 x 10 cm (1,66,666 pl/ha) lowered growth and yield attributes plant-1 and caused earlier maturity of crop. Genotype Balwan recorded higher seed cotton yield (1731 Kg ha-1) than AKH 081 (1517 Kg ha-1) and AKA-7 (1414 Kg ha-1). High population density at 60 x 10 cm (1,66,666 pl/ha) though has smaller individual boll size (weight) and fewer bolls plant-1, however, the increased number of plants compensated for fewer yield attributes plant-1 and cumulatively seed cotton yield output was significantly higher (1629 Kg ha-1). Population density of 75 x 10 cm (1,33,333 pl/ha) yielded 1479 Kg ha-1¬ seed cotton. Ginning percentage was more with AKA-7 (40.93%) followed by AKH 081 (38.48%) and Bt cotton genotype Balwan (37.00%). Bt cotton genotype Balwan recorded higher 2.5% span length (26.60) followed by AKH 081 (26.00) and AKA-7 (24.02). Lint index was more with AKH 081 (4.87) followed by AKA-7 (4.08) and Balwan (3.87).
Over the cotton canopy, canopy temperature was lowest in AKH 081. Therefore, hirsutum cotton genotype AKH 081 have an advantage with respect to not only light capture in the canopy but also due to the ability to maintain more favorable (cooler) canopy temperatures indicative of comparatively lower degree of field scale plant water stress in AKH 081 and its greater tolerance to environmental stress comparative to genotype Balwan and AKA-07. Relative humidity during morning hours was higher by about 20 % during earlier growing stage and by about 30 % during later stages of crop growth. Radiation intensity was comparatively more in monsoon sowing than late sowing, radiation intensity was comparatively more with increased population density from 1,33,333 pl ha-1 to 1,66,666 pl ha-1. Earliest sown crop recorded the highest (2107.7 D0) thermal units. Thermal use efficiency and Radiation use efficiency of crop was highest in monsoon sowing.
Description
Description: A field investigation was carried out at Plot No. 30 of Dryland Department, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during the kharif season of 2019. The present experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design (SPD) with twelve treatments replicated three times, allocation of treatment at each plot in each replication was done by randomization. In the present experiment a serious attempt has been made to study the effect of different weather variability and plant density on growth and yield of different genotypes in cotton.
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Citation
Citation: DHAKATE, ANANT AMBADAS. (2020). Studies of agrometeorological indices of cotton ((Gossypium hirsutum L.)) genotypes under different sowing times and plant density. Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. M. Sc. 2020. Print. xv, 125p. (Unpublished).