Diversity mapping of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) for fruit yield and nutritional values in Jharkhand

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dc.contributor.advisorJha, K.K.
dc.contributor.authorChandra Gurjar, Suresh
dc.date.accessioned2022-05-12T07:31:05Z
dc.date.available2022-05-12T07:31:05Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.descriptionDiversity mapping of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) for fruit yield and nutritional values in Jharkhanden_US
dc.description.abstractJackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) bearing the largest edible nutritious fruit crop from the family Moraceae. It is a tropical evergreen tree commonly known as Kathal in Jharkhand. A field evaliuation was conducted at field gene bank of Jackfruit maintained by ICAR-NBPGR, RS, New Bhusur, Ranchi, and lab work at ICAR-RCER-FSRCHPR, Plandu, Ranchi and Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, BAU, Ranchi during two consecutive years 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. In the experiment 80 accessions of Jackfruit planted under augmented block design used for observation and biochemical analysis. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the phenotypic and nutritive diversity among the available genetic resources and their geo-referencing to map trait specific hotspots (using DIVA-GIS software) and documenting the promising jackfruit accessions for table purpose. Out of 58 observations recorded during experiment, 24 parameters were recorded as qualitative traits as per IPGRI (The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) descriptors and 34 parameters were recorded as quantitative traits. The data revealed broad spectrum diversity for majority of the traits under the present study. The available diversity panorama of the accessions was supplemented lay standard descriptive prescribed by IPGRI like leaf apex shape, fruit rind colour at maturity (Brown, Dark brown, Dark green, greenish brown, greenish red, light brown, light green and reddish brown), flake shape (Irregular with curved tip, Twisted with curved tip) and seed coat colour (Light brown, Reddish brown). The phenological stages observed among the germplasms varied from initiation of male and female flowers (November to February) to fruit maturity (June to August) and range of days taken from fruit setting to fruit maturity varies from 98 (IC No. 24327) to 204 days (IC No. 376029). Among all the quantitative parameters maximum coefficient of variation was found in total seed yield/tree (136.40%) and total fruit yield/tree (121.49%) while least variation was recorded in seed length (11.72%) and seed width (12.70%). The coefficient of variation for biochemical traits, was maximum in non- reducing sugar (41.97 %) while minimum in TSS (16.60 %). Hence, priority may also be given to the TSS and seed size when exploring promising genotypes and operating a selection procedure for crop improvement in jackfruit. Cluster analysis (using PAST software) classified the germplasms into six major groups (based on UPGMA at Copen. corre. 0.8826) that confirmed the wide diversity among them. PCA also revealed that 81.47 % of the variability among the jackfruit germplasms was explained by the first eleven main components (PCs). Hence, PCA was employed to reduce the complexity of the data set while retaining the variation within the data set as far as possible. Based on the overall results, the IC No. 438858 (6.063 kg, 113), 201602 (5.900 kg, 41), 542355 (6.445 kg, 33), 24332 (2.743 kg, 29), 376159 (3.698 kg, 28) were found to be the best germplasms for vegetable purpose based on low fruit weight and high number of fruits per tree. IC No. 542359, 376013, 591185, 24393, 24369 were found most promising for table purposes {(Flake length (>8 cm), Flake texture (firm), Pulp flavour (intermediate, TSS (>14)} whereas the IC No. 24341, 591200, 24369, 591164, 24370 {(Pulp juiciness (Juicy), Pulp weight (>5.5 kg)} were found to be suitable for processing. The IC No. 438858 (101.5 kg), 591178 (62.6 kg), 24324 (61.4 kg), 376018 (40.2 kg), 201602 (25.6 kg) {Total seed yield per tree} were found to be best for seed/ industrial purposes. After mapping of hotspots, the results revealed that germplasms of jackfruit collected from Jharkhand region mostly from Gumla, Palamu, Ranchi and Giridih were best for yield potential. Germplasms collected from Jharkhand had also showed good nutritional quality (higher TSS, reducing sugar and low acidity) while germplasms collected from south part of Jharkhand and Orissa were good for phenol and antioxidant activity compared to accessions collected from other states. The information generated under the study forms a potential baseline for fruit breeders to use in selecting germplasms with superior fruit qualities for jackfruit crop improvement programs in the future. Besides, it will be a benchmark for future management of plant genetic resources in the otherwise orphan fruit.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810184629
dc.keywordsDiversity mapping of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) for fruit yield and nutritional values in Jharkhanden_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages135en_US
dc.publisherBirsa Agricultural University, Ranchien_US
dc.subHorticultureen_US
dc.themeDiversity mapping of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) for fruit yield and nutritional values in Jharkhanden_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleDiversity mapping of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) for fruit yield and nutritional values in Jharkhanden_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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