LINE X TESTER OVER ENVIRONWIENTS IN PEARL IWIILLET {PenimlsetiBm glaiscum (L.) R.Br)
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Date
2004-03
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JAU,JUNAGADH
Abstract
The heterosis and combining ability over environments were
investigated for fourteen characters using eight male sterile lines and
eleven pollinators in a line x tester mating design. These 19 parents and
their 88 crosses were grown in randomized block design with three
replications at two different environments at Junagadh (Ei) and at
Jamnagar (E2). Observations were recorded on ten randomly selected
plants in each entiy for days to first stigma receptivity, days to last
stigma dry, stigma receptivity duration, days to first anthesis, days to
last anthesis, anthesis duration, number of nodes per plant, earhead
length, earhead girth, number of tillers per plant, plant height, days to
maturity, 1000 grain weight and grain yield.
The pooled analysis of variance revealed that all the sources of
variation were significant for all the characters except parents for stigma
receptivity duration and anthesis duration.
The higher magnitude of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis
were obtained higher for stigma receptivity duration, anthesis duration,
earhead length, number of tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight and grain
yield and lower for remaining traits. The crosses viz., 94555 A x J-2313,
95222 A X J-2290, PN 6 A x J-2278, PN 6 A x J-998 and 218 A x J-2290
exhibited exploitable economic heterosis for grain yield and its
components. Hybrids showing high economic heterotic effects for grain
yield also depicted high heterotic response for at least one or more of its
yield attributing characters and were in the combination of high x high,
high X low and low x low par ss performing parents.
Heterosis over standard check was generally in positive direction
for all the characters viz., days to last last stigma dry, stigma receptivity
duration, days to last anthesis, anthesis duration, number of nodes per
plant, earhead length, earhead girth, number of tillers per plant, plant
height, 1000 grain weight and grain yield. Whereas, it is generally in
negative direction for days to first stigma receptivity, days to first
anthesis and days to maturity.
The pooled analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that
variance due to females, males and females x males were significant for
all the characters and greater role of additive genetic variance was
indicated in the case of stigma receptivity duration, earhead length, days
to maturity, plant height and grain yield. Whereas, preponderance of
non-additive type of gene action was exhibited for days to first stigma
receptivity, days to last stigma dry, days to first anthesis, anthesis
duration, number of nodes per plant, earhead girth, number of tillers per
plant and 1000 grain weight.
The information on best general combiners for various characters
revealed that JMS 9901 A for days to first stigma receptivity; 218 A for
days to last stigma dry; JMS 9902 A for stigma receptivity duration; JMS
9901 A for days to first anthesis; 218 A for days to last anthesis; J-2369
for anthesis duration; J-2290 for number of nodes per plant; 214 A for
earhead length; SB-223 for earhead girth; J-2296 for number of tillers
per plant; J-2278 for plant height; JMS 9901 A for days to maturity; JMS
9902 A for 1000 grain weight and 95222 A, PN 6 A and J-2290 for grain
yield were good general combiners for respective traits.
The best specific combiners were 218 A x J-2340 for days to first
stigma receptivity, 405 A x J-2313 for days to last stigma dry, JMS-9902
A X J-2290 for stigma receptivity duration, 218 A x J-2340 for days to
first anthesis, 405 A x J-2313 for days to last anthesis, JMS 9902 A x J-
2296 for anthesis duration, 95222 A x SB-124 for number of nodes per
plant, 214 A X J-998 for earhead length, 214 A x SB-223 for earhead
girth, 94555 A x J-2290 for number of tillers per plant, 94555 A x SB-
124 for plant height, 218 A x J-2340 for days to maturity, 95222 A x J-
998 for 1000 grain weight and 94555 A x J-2313 for grain yield. Crosses
showing high sea effects for grain yield were in combination of high x
high, high x low and low x low general combiners.
On the basis of heterosis and combining ability, the parents viz.,
PN 6 A, 95222 A, 94555 A, J-2290 and J-2278 and the hybrids viz.,
94555 A X J-2313, 95222 A x J-2290, PN 6 A x J-2278 and PN 6 A x J-
998 were found to offer the best possibilities of their further exploitation
for developing high yielding varieties of pearl millet.
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Keywords
agricultural botany