Expression analysis of different genes of MAPK cascade and terpene synthase 21 gene against aphid attack on Brassica juncea (var.) Varuna and in-silico characterisation of terpene synthase 21 gene
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Date
2018-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Brassica juncea is a major oilseed crop of India and produced on a large scale over the globe. It is a major source of vegetable oil and protein meal. It is mostly affected by a variety of abiotic and biotic stress that affects its potential yield and cause a huge loss of crop productivity annually. One such biotic stress is attack of mustard aphid (L. erysimi) a polyphagous destructive pest, which cause 9-96 % of yield loss in mustard annually. It causes loss in terms of both productivity and oil content. MAPK is a major defense related signalling pathway in eukaryotes which has been documented for its role in providing defense against variety of biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. MAPK signalling pathway is reported to be activated as first line of defense and play an active role during attack of insect herbivore. This pathway further leads to the activation of various defense related genes which are regulated by different transcription factors. Among these transcription factors WRKY also plays a major role in warding off insect herbivore by increasing the synthesis of various secondary metabolites. WRKY are reported to activate or supress the synthesis of these secondary metabolites. One such class of secondary metabolites is Terpene synthase. Terpene synthase release a volatile compound called as (E, E) -farnesene that attracts the natural enemy of insect pest and thus provide defense against herbivore attack. In present study, Brassica juncea cv varuna plants were evaluated against aphid (L. erysimi) infestation to study the defense pathway activated after the attack. The effect of aphids on growth parameters of plants was evaluated with expression level of MAPK cascade, WRKY transcription factors and Terpene synthase 21. The interaction of these genes were studied to derive the possible pathway activated during the aphid attack. During the present course of study, Terpene synthase 21 gene sequence of Brassica rapa was retrieved from NCBI and In silico study was performed to check its phosphorylation site, secondary structures and conserved or functional domain. Terpene synthase 21 was reported to be present in Brassica juncea by quantitative PCR analysis.
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