GENETIC ANALYSIS IN GARDEN PEA (Pisum sativum L.)
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Date
2024-07-06
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UHF Nauni
Abstract
The present study entitled, “Genetic Analysis in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)” was carried out at the Experimental Research Farm, Regional Horticulture Research and Training Station, Bajaura, Kullu (HP) during Rabi seasons of 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment comprising of fifty-two genotypes was carried out in a Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications to elucidate the information on the extent of mean performance, heterosis, combining ability, nature and magnitude of gene action for different horticultural traits in garden pea. Inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew in garden pea was also studied through reaction of different generations (F2, B1 and B2) to powdery mildew using chi-square analysis. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among all the genotypes for all the traits. Based on mean performance parents viz., PB-89, Arkel and Baj-Pea-12, and cross combinations Baj-Pea-7 × PB-89 and Baj-Pea-12 × PB-89 were found to be the best performers whereas cross combinations viz., Baj-Pea-3 × PB-89, Baj-Pea-3 × Arkel and Baj-Pea-7 × PB-89 were observed to give best heterotic performance for days to 50 per cent flowering over standard check (Azad Pea-1). The experiment results revealed that four parent namely Baj-Pea-12, Baj-Pea-11, Baj-Pea-8 and PB-89 gave overall best mean performance for traits studied and their GCA effects also indicated towards their contribution towards high heterosis for pod yield and other characters which was clearly indicated through best heterotic cross combinations viz., Baj-Pea-12 × PB-89, Baj-Pea-12 × Lincoln, Baj-Pea-8 × Lincoln, Baj-Pea-7 × PB-89 and Baj-Pea-11 × PB-89). Hence, theses crosses can be helpful in isolating desirable transgressive segregants and could be utilized for future garden pea breeding programme The severity of powdery mildew was also observed to be minimum in Baj-Pea-12, Baj-Pea-11 and Baj-Pea-8 among the parents, and among the crosses, combinations viz., Baj-Pea-11× PB-89, Baj-Pea-12 × PB-89, Baj-Pea-8 × PB-89 and Baj-Pea-12 × Arkel had low incidence of powdery mildew. Gene action studies indicated the predominance of additive variance for all the traits. Chi-square analysis revealed that a single recessive gene is responsible for conferring resistance to powdery mildew. The pattern of inheritance for powdery mildew resistance was governed by a single recessive gene the F2 generation revealed a 1:3 ratio for resistance: susceptible plant.