INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHICORY (Cichorium intybus L.)
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Date
1997
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
A field investigation was carried out during rabi season of 1995-96 on sandy loam soil of College Agronomy Farm, B.A. College of Agriculture Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand. There were fourteen weed management treatments comprising two dinitroaniline herbicides viz., fluchloralin (Basalin 45 EC) and trifluralin (Treflan 48 EC) each applied as pre-emergence (PE) (0.5 kg/ha) and pre plant incorporation (PPI) at 0.5 and 1.0 kg/ha. These treatments were combined with one hand weeding at 45 DAS (integrated treatments). Twice hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAS (traditional method) and weedy check were included for comparison. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications. All the recommended agronomic practices were adopted. The study indicated that Eragrostis major Host, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., and Eleusine indica L. were completely controlled by the application of either fluchloralin or trifluralin under lower (0.5 kg/ha) dose also. Among dicot weeds, Chenopodium album L., Chenopodium murale L. and Phyllanthus niruri L. were partially controlled by these herbicides. Chenopodium album L. was major weed species which showed 77.6 per cent intensity at 30 DAS in a weedy check treatment. Among herbicidal treatments, trifluralin @ 1.0 kg/ha applied as PPI registered minimum dry weight of weeds upto 45 days from the sowing, while at the same rate fluchloralin showed less dry weight as compared to trifluralin at later stages. Supplementation of one hand weeding at 45 DAS with the application of fluchloralin or trifluralin had notably increased weed control efficiency (100 %) and it was comparable to traditional practice of hand weeding twice at 25 and 50 DAS. Maximum removal of nutrient was observed in a weedy check treatment. But among herbicidal treatments trifluralin @ 0.5 kg/ha as PE recorded the highest uptake of N (53.10 kg/ha), P2O5 (24.60 kg/ha) and K2O (99.20 kg/ha) at harvest. Thus, this treatment saved about 56 per cent depletion of major nutrients over weedy check. Plant population was significantly reduced when fluchloralin or trifluralin was applied as PPI at lower rate, but it showed favourable condition for better development in root girth. Leaf length was significantly affected at various stages of growth. Between two methods, PPI showed slightly longer leaf size and higher fresh weight than PE under fluchloralin treated plots. Integrated treatments showed superiority over herbicides applied alone in improving vegetative growth. Number of leaves/plant, leaf area, fresh weight per plant, chlorophyll A content, root length and girth as well as dry root yield were least under weedy check treatment. Chlorophyll A content was maximum (13.58 mg/g) under fluchloralin applied @0.5 kg/ha as PPI at 60 DAS growth period, while at 75 DAS period, twice hand weeding showed the highest Chlorophyll A content (14.45 mg/g) in leaf of chicory. Trifluralin applied @ 0.5 kg/ha as PE with one hand weeding had the highest root length (24.75 cm) at 75 DAS growth period, while maximum root girth (2.64 cm) was noticed under fluchloralin applied @ 1.0 kg/ha as PPI with one hand weeding. Root length was not significantly affected by above treatments at harvest. Fluchloralin applied @ 0.5 kg/ha as PPI with one hand weeding at 45 DAS had maximum dry weight (97 g) per plant at harvest. Similarly the highest dry root yield (104.09 q/ha) as well as the highest net return (Rs. 26752/ha) were also recorded in the same treatment. This treatment was also at par with Trifluralin applied @ 0.5 kg/ha as PPI + one hand weeding (97.9 q/ha) and twice hand weeding (101.3 q/ha) treatments.
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Agronomy, Agriculture, A CASE STUDY