Planning and design of surface drainage system of jnkvv farm
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Date
2015
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Publisher
JNKVV
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Most of the farms of JNKVV, suffered from water logging problem due to absence of adequate drainage system. The sustainability of farm operations was highly vulnerable due to fluctuations in rainfall. Thus, estimation of drainage design layout and identification of vulnerable area for water logging was most vital operation for achieving maximum yield of paddy in land. In this study, empirical formula’s used for estimating discharge of each plot. By using empirical formula’s for most economical trapezoidal section, sizes of field laterals, sub main and main drain were designed that provides assistance in making appropriate plan for removal of excess water from area. Main advantage of this research investigation to achieve an optimum level of soil moisture in the area so that yield of crops could be increased.
The yield of paddy declined up to 70% in most of water logged plots of different farms. Yield of paddy variety MTU-1010 declined up to 65% in study area compared to normal yield. Yield of paddy variety IR-64 declined up to 69.42% in study area compared to normal yield. Yield of paddy variety Kranti reduced up to 69.39% from normal yield due to water logging. 24 hour rainfall for 5 years recurrence interval was estimated as 230mm. Soil of study area was mainly clay loam. Soil was collected from three different locations. Percentage of clay varied form 29.3-29.8%, Silt 31.1-33.5% and Sand 37.2-
39.1%. The elevation of the study area varies from 389.5 m to 397m. Mean infiltration rate of study area was found 0.55cm/hr. Weighted curve number estimated for non paddy area was 89 and for paddy area 95.Runoff calculated by HCS method for paddy area and non paddy area were 47.2 and 109.4mm respectively. Drainage coefficient for paddy area and non paddy area were estimated as 0.559 and 1.019. Average bulk density of study area was found
1.51 g/cc. Soil of study area was clay loam so slope of drainage channel kept
0.2% and side slope 1:1.5, permissible velocity was 0.9m/s and design of main, sub main and field laterals are designed for drain excess water from study area .
Based on planning and designing surface drainage system, it was found that study area has slope on either side of the centre line of area, so area contributes runoff on both sides of centre line. Hence, two main drains comprising of six sub main contribute their discharge and all field laterals contribute to these six sub mains.
The following conclusions were drawn based on the above study:-
The yield of paddy affected by water logging on the study area more so these farm needed a proper designed surface drainage system. 90% area in kharif season was in under paddy crop. 3-D surface map shows impounding of water was taking place at many locations that created water logging condition in the study area and lower the yield of paddy.
The soil of study area was clay loam and infiltration rate was also low in the area. Total area was not contributing excess water to one main drain; two main drains needed to remove excess water from study area. Six sub main drains were needed to remove excess water from the plots.
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Keywords
soil management, area, irrigation, precipitation, land resources, wood, infiltration, rice, yields, drainage systems