RELATIVE PREFERENCE OF DIFFERENT MANGO VARIETIES BY MAJOR INSECT PESTS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MANGO HOPPER AND ITS MANAGEMENT THROUGH NEW INSECTICIDE MOLECULES
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Date
2009
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
Investigation on "Relative preference of different mango varieties by major
insect pests with special reference to mango hopper and its management through new
insecticide molecules" were conducted at the Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya,
Horticulhlre Research Farm and in the laboratory of Department of Entomology,
College of Agriculture, Raipur during 2006-07 and 2007-08.
Incidence and insect pest succession on mango were studied in Raipur Chhattisgarh.
Fifteen insect were observed infesting on mango orchard. Mango hoppers, Amritodus
atkinsoni Lethieny and Idioscopus clypeulis Lethieny. Colonized the crop both during
flushing, flowering and fiuiting stages (January to June and September to December).
However high incidence in flowering stage (March to April). The incidence of scale insect,
Aspidiow desfructor appeared throughout the year but were more prominent during
flowering to fruiting period (March to June) of the incidence of mealy bug Rashococcus
iceiyoides was appeared in vegetative stage (March) of the crop and it was seen to be high
in synchrony with that of the flowering stage of the crop. However, the activity of these
insect pest declined and disappeared subsequently with the remaining vegetative stage (July
to November). The incidence of leaf gall Proconturii~iam atteiana also appeared throughout
the year but were more prominent during vegetative and hit mattuity period (September
and April) of the COT. The activity of leaf eating looper, Thalassodes quadraria; leaf eating
caterpillar, Euthalia garuda; leaf webber, orthuga minacea; grey weevil, Myllocem
discolor and leaf twister weevil, Apodems tranquebancus were seen to be high in
synchrony with that of the vegetative stage (September to December) of the crop. However,
the activity of these insect pests declined and disappeared subsequently with the flowering
stage. The incidence of Shoot borer, Penicillariu jocosahix; aphid, Toxoptera odinae; thrips,
Thnps hawaiiensis; blossom webber, Etrblernnza versicolor and leaf miner, Acrocercops
syngramma attained high peak leveals in synchrony with the flowering stage (January to
March) of the crop. The activity of mango stone weevil, Sternochae~ mungiferae
synchronized with that of hit formation and maturity period (April to July).
Mango hoppers population had positive correlation with maximum
temperature and negative correlation with rain fall and relative humidity.Scale insect,
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shoot borer, stone weevil, and grey weevil had positive correlation with marimurn
temperature. Leaf miner, thrips, and leaf webber had negative correlation with
maximum temperature. Leaf gall midge, stone weevil, grey weevil had positive
correlation while leaf miner, thrips, aphids, blossom webber and leaf eating caterpillar
had negative correlation with minimum temperature. Leaf eating looper, grey weevil,
and Ieaf webber had positive while most other insects had negative correlation with
relative humidity.
In species of natural enemies have found feeding upon different insect species
among them four species of spider, black ant, red ant, praying mantid were observed
throughout the year. The coccinelids, green lacewing and ichneumonid wasp were observed
in January to April and the cotasia, predatory bug were observed November to January.
Among the twelve mango varieties screened the least susceptible to mango
hoppers (A.atkinsoni and Zdioscohls clypealis) were variety MaIIika and Sundarja
followed by Totapari and Sinduri whereas, highly susceptible varieties to mango
hoppers was Nileshwari followed by Kesar, Neeleshan and Arnrapali.
For Euthalia garuda the least susceptible varieties was Totapari followed by
Kesar, Barahmashi, Neeleshan and Nileshwari whereas highly susceptible varieties was
Payari followed by Malli, Langra and Sundaja. Mango variety Sundaja was found as
most preferred and Mallii was found to be lens preferred variety of mango among the
tested varieties against leaf webber Orthaga exvinacea.
Studies on the biology, morphometrics and developmental duration of mango
hoppen A, atkiwoni under laboratory conditions indicated that incubation period and
nymphal duration lasted for 5.7 days and 13.6 days, respectively. Four distinct nymphal
stages were recorded, the total life cycle of mango hoppers A. atkinroni took average of
22.6 days from egg to adult stage under laboratory conditions at Raipur.
Seven insecticides of different groups evaluated against mango hoppers under
field conditions, revealed that the application of all the insecticides viz., Imidacloprid at
0.005 per cent concentration and Carbaryl, Endosulfan, Thiodicarb, Monocrotophos,
Profenophos and Azahhtin at 0.05 per cent concentration were found to be effective
against mango hoppers. Among these insecticides of Imidacloprid was the most
effective one and effective to check the hoppers population upto 17 days, whereas
Azadiachtin was less effective against mango hoppers.
Description
Keywords
mangoes, animal developmental stages, developmental stages, insecticides, fruits, crops, planting, seasons, biological phenomena, yields