IMPACT ANALYSIS OF PRADHAN MANTRI UJJWALA YOJANA IN SAMASTIPUR DISTRICT OF BIHAR
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Date
2022
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Dr.RPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
Cooking is one of the chores that captures most of the time in day-to-day life
of Indian women. Women in rural India hardly get time for some other productive
work as they do not get time to look beyond these chores. Larger parts of the global
population, especially dwelling in developing countries are deprived of exploiting the
modern energy sources. The Prime minister of India launched PMUY (Pradhan
Mantri Ujjwala Yojana) on 1st may 2016 in Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh. The
PMUY plan has proven to be an effective strategy for decreasing indoor air pollution
and reducing premature deaths, and it is projected to continue to do so in the
future. The PMUY has a significant positive impact on the country's social and
economic situation. People in this category now have access to clean cooking fuel. On
the basis of expenditure, health, time, and many other factors, we can simply infer that
PMUY has improved the lives of villages in numerous ways. The purpose of this
scheme is to end the old cooking method which people are still using and it is
affecting their lives and lives of their families too. The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala
Yojana (PMUY) designs to protect the health of women and children by giving them
access to a clean cooking fuel (LPG), so they won't have to risk their health in smokefilled
kitchens or scurry around dangerous locations gathering firewood. With all of
these concepts in mind, for the said study objectives have been formulated:
1. To know the socio-economic status of women at Samastipur district of Bihar.
2. To know about Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana running in the research area.
3. To study the impact of PMUY on various aspects of women of the selected
area.
4. To find out the problems faced by the officials as well as the women in
adoption & execution of PMUY.
Methodology
Impact analysis of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana has been conducted in
Samastipur district purposively. There are altogether 20 blocks in Samastipur district.
Out of which two blocks Pusa and Kalyanpur were selected purposively, where
number of respondents were PMUY beneficiaries. A total number of 4 villages were
selected purposively from the selected blocks. 25 beneficiaries from deopar and 25
beneficiaries from mahamdpur and 5 officials were selected from Pusa block. From
Kalyanpur block 25 sample respondents from bhuskaul and 25 respondents selected
from kalyanpur and 5 officials too. Thus total 55 respondents from each of block were
randomly selected; further making a total of one hundred ten (110) samples were
selected from the village. Fifteen independent variables were selected for the study
were the age, caste, religion, sex, marital status, education, family type, family size,
housing type, occupation, family income, social participation of respondents, mass
media exposure, level of knowledge and problems faced by the women as well as
official. For measurement of the independent variables some test were developed and
some of scale developed by earlier research worker were used. The dependent
variables selected for the study was impact of PMUY on various aspect of women.
Data were collected through well prepared interview schedule which was developed
by keeping in view of all the objectives of the study. The data collection was
scheduled as contact individually with beneficiaries at their home visit. The collected
data was coded, classified and tabulated. Finally the statistics like mean, standard
deviation, average, frequency, percentage, Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used
for meaningful findings and for drawing conclusion of the study.
Major finding of the study:
From the research study it can be concluded that the major purpose of women
respondents to buy a LPG cylinder was financial need of the family. So, need of
money was a major factor for women respondents that influenced them to adopt LPG
cylinder through PMUY scheme. The study showed that most of the respondents were
married which means 94 percent and most of them which is 49 percent belonged to
middle age, further all of the officials were married and 60% belonged to middle age.
And it was known from the study that married middle age women had more
knowledge about PMUY scheme. 46 percent belonged to SC category and very less
which is 12 percent belonged to general category. The most prevailing means of
occupation for respondents were home maker. And it was known from the study that
home makers were more knowledgeable about PMUY scheme. About 86 percent of
respondents’ annual income was seen between 50000 to 100000. It signifies that
PMUY impacted high income families more than other families. Respondents’
exposure to mass media, 77 percent of respondents were found in the medium
category. It was seen from the study that respondents with high mass media exposure
were more aware about the scheme. “Pearson’s correlation coefficient” for impact of
PMUY on respondents among the 10 variables taken for the model only 6 variables
were found to be significant i.e. Religion, Family size, Housing type, Annual Family
Income, Mass media exposure and number of gas cylinder. So, it was known from the
study Hindu religion were impacted, middle family size respondents were more aware
about PMUY. It was found that "unaware about the loan to buy the stove & initial
LPG filling" was the most crucial one about 83% in social problems. “Unable to
Prepare of feed for cattle” was most important among cultural problems of the
respondents with 89% of the responses. Majority of the respondents faced the
problems “Finance required for refill gas cylinder” among economic problems as the
percentage score of this constraint were (96 per cent) and in physical problems
respondents were perceived “Backache or leg pain” (31%) as most important among
all. It has been observed that “Poor people unable to refill the LPG cylinder” (80%)
was most important among social problems. “Attention/response of women while
participating any training programme” 70% ranked as most important among all
cultural problems. In economic problems officials were perceived “transportation &
accessibility of LPG cylinders” (90%) as most important among all and “Poor road
connectivity to households for delivery of cylinder” 90% ranked first among physical
problems of the officials.