Synergistic effect of neem seed extract and andrographolide in reducing reproductive potential of female Rattus rattus (Linnaeus)
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Date
2022
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The Neem and Andrographolide are well known for their antifertility and antifeedent properties. To study the acceptance of neem seed alcoholic hexane (NSAH) extract and andrographolide powder based baits against R. rattus, three different baits were prepared. The dose of NSAH extract and andrographolide was same in all the three treated baits but their method of preparation was different. Female house rats, Rattus rattus of different groups were fed under bi-choice condition on these baits. Results indicated antifeedent index ranging from 29.03 % to 39.26 % with treated bait 1, 2 and 3 indicating good palatability of baits. The consumption of active ingredient ranged from 0.033 to 0.067g/100g bw for andrographolide and 1.73 to 3.31g/100g bw for neem seed powder with maximum antifertility effect of treated bait 2 and toxic effect of treated bait 3. Therefore, treated bait 2 was used for further studies. Feeding of rats on treated bait 2 indicated overall 54% mortality in 5-17 days with significant increase in the duration of estrous cycle in treated rats immediately after treatment as compared to the control rats. The hormonal studies indicated significant reduction in the level of sex hormones as compared to control group. The histological studies of ovary and uterus revealed complete absence of normal ovarian follicles, degeneration of follicular cells, disruption in the shape of follicles and cystic follicles in the ovaries, reduction in the number of uterine glands and thickness of different layers of uterus of treated rats. Mating behaviour and reproductive success was also affected in treated rats. Results also revealed irreversible antifertility effect of treated bait 2 even after 15 and 30 days of treatment. From this study, it is concluded that increase in palatability, stability and bioavailability of secondary metabolites in treated bait 2 resulted in both toxic and irreversible antifertility effects
in treated female house rats. Results also revealed synergistic toxic and antifertility effects of andrographolide and and secondary metabolites of NSAH extract in treated bait 2 on female house rats. Therefore treated bait 2 can be used under field condition for long term management of rodents.
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Verma, Meenu (2022) Synergistic effect of neem seed extract and andrographolide in reducing reproductive potential of female Rattus rattus (Linnaeus)