Variability studies for growth, yield and quality characters of tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill)
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Date
2019
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Variability studies for growth, yield and quality characters of tomato
(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)” was carried out at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science,
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during a spring-summer season of 2018.The study material
comprised of genetically diverse thirteen tomato genotypes which were evaluated in randomized block
design and. The genotypes were taken from IIVR Varanasi in All India coordinated research project and
traits were evaluated on the basis of plant height, number branches, days to 50% flowering, number of
trusses per plant, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per truss, number of fruits per plant, leaf
area index, marketable yield, average fruit weight, equatorial and polar diameter of fruit, number of locules
per fruit, pericarp thickness of fruit, total soluble solids, acidity, ascorbic acid content ,chlorophyll a:b ratio,
test weight of seed and days to first harvest, which differentiate the tomato genotypes. Analysis of variance
studies indicated a significant difference among all the genotypes for all the characters under study. Genetic
variability studies showed high PCV and GCV values for number of branches per plant (23.54 and 23.93),
pericarp thickness (15.42 and 16.46) and acidity(14.79 and 15.8), indicating that a greater amount of genetic
variability was present for these characters and thus, there is greater scope for further improvement by
genetic manipulation. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed
for marketable yield (98.08 %), days to 50% flowering (97.80), plant height at 90 days after transplanting
(97.75%), number of fruits per plant, number of branches per plant, total soluble solids number of locules
per fruit, which indicated that these traits were under the strong influence of additive gene action, and hence,
simple selection based on phenotypic performance would be more effective. The total yield per plant had
positive and highly significant correlation with the number of branches per plant (0.813 and 0.798), number
of flowers per cluster (0.872 and 0.837), number of trusses per plant (0.861 and 0.716), number of fruits per
truss , number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, number of locules per fruit, ascorbic acid and days to
first harvest at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. It indicated that the improvement in these traits leads to
an increase in total yield. The highly positive direct effect on total yield was shown by The characters leaf
area index, number of flowers per cluster, number of trusses per plant, number of fruits per truss, polar
diameter of fruit, pericarp thickness of fruit, total soluble solids, chlorophyll a:b ratio and days to first
harvest, suggested that direct selection based on these characters would result in higher breeding efficiency
for improving the yield in tomato.
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