Influence of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of sugarcane
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Date
2018
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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Sugarcane Research Institute, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar during spring season of 2017-18, to study the influence of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of sugarcane. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design, replicated thrice with ten different treatments. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture, calcareous in nature (28.5% CaCO3) with pH 8.2 and organic carbon (0.41%). The soil contained 220, 28.3 and 141.5 kg/ha available N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively. The treatment comprised of ten treatments viz., conventional planting/farmers practice (T1), planting of setts after overnight soaking in water (T2), planting of setts after overnight soaking in cattle dung, cattle urine and water slurry in 1: 2: 5 ratios (T3), planting of setts after overnight soaking in 50 ppm ethrel solution (T4), planting of setts after overnight soaking in 100 ppm ethrel solution (T5), T1 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP (T6), T2 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP (T7),T3 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP (T8), T4 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP (T9) and T5 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP (T10). Different treatments had significant influence on growth, yield and quality parameters of
sugarcane. Higher germination count was recorded in planting of setts after overnight soaking in 50 ppm ethrel solution (T4) followed by T4 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP (T9) and T5 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP (T10). The plant population recorded at different stages of growth was found to be significantly affected with different treatments. Experimental results indicated that treatment T9 (T4 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP) produced higher plant population at all the stages of growth which were responsible for higher number of millable canes at harvest. Treatment T9 (T4 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP) recorded higher leaf area index and plant height at 210 and 240 DAP.Similarly, treatment T9 (T4 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP) recorded significantly higher length of internode (13.4 cm). Experimental results further revealed that, there was an increasing trend in dry matter accumulation and root dry weight in treatment T8 (T3 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP) upto grand growth stage and found non-significant at 210 DAP.There was no significant difference on cane diameter, number of nodes/cane, single cane weight and cane: top ratio due to different treatments. Similarly, there was no marked effect of different treatments on brix, pol, purity and CCS per cent but produced significant effect on juice recovery. However, treatment T9showed comparatively higher values in all these parameters. Juice recovery per cent was found significantly higher in treatment T9 (T4 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP). Planting of sugarcane after overnight soaking in 50 ppm ethrel solution followed by GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP produced significantly higher cane and sugar yield of 101.8 t/ha and 12.40 t/ha, respectively. Increase in sugar yield exhibited almost similar trend as the yield of cane under different treatments. Economics of different treatments clearly indicated that by virtue of higher cane yield, treatment T9 (T4 + GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAP) exhibited a gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio of ` 2,95,220/ha, ` 1,67,988/ha and 1.32, respectively.On the basis of productivity and economics, it can be concluded that, planting of setts after overnight soaking in 50 ppm ethrel solution with or without GA3 spray @ 35 ppm at 90, 120 & 150 DAPfound to be the best proposition to improve the growth parameters, yield and quality of sugarcane under Bihar condition.
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