Genetic Study of Grain Yield and its Contributing Traits in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Normal and Limited Moisture Conditions
Loading...
Date
2022
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to analyze combining
ability, components of genetic variance, heterosis, heterobeltiosis,
inbreeding depression and drought stress tolerance in ten genetically
diverse parents viz., BH 946, RD 2592, DWRUB 64, DWRB 137, PL
426, PL 419, RD 103, RD 2035, RD 2052 and RD 2508 in barley
(Hordeum vulgare L.) in two environments viz., E1 – normal irrigated
and E2 – limited moisture conditions at Research Farm, Rajasthan
Agricultural Research Institute (Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture
University, Jobner), Durgapura, Jaipur. These parents were crossed in
half-diallel mating design (excluding reciprocals) in rabi 2018-19 and
their F1 seeds were advanced in summer 2019. The evaluation trial
was conducted in rabi 2019-20 in which 10 parents along with their 45
F1‟s and 45 F2‟s were evaluated in a randomized block design with
three replications. The observations were recorded for days to heading,
days to maturity, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, flag
leaf area, peduncle length, number of grains per spike, number of
spikelets per spike, spike length, biomass per plant, 1000-grain weight,
grain yield per spike, grain yield per plant and harvest index. The
significant differences among the parents and generations in both the
environments for all the studied characters suggested the presence of
sufficient genetic variability. Significance of GCA and SCA for all the
studied characters in both the generations indicated the importance of
both additive and non-additive gene action. The GCA/SCA variance
ratio (predictability ratio) indicated the preponderance of non-additive
gene action.
An overall assessment showed that the parents RD 2508, RD
2052 and PL 419 appeared as good general combiners and the
crosses DWRUB 64 x RD 2508 and RD 2592 x PL 419 appeared as
good cross combinations for grain yield per plant and its contributing
traits in both the environments.
Evaluation of the genetic components of variance manifested
that both additive (D) and dominance (H1 and H2) components were significant for all the studied characters which indicated that both
components were operating in the expression of the traits.
The results of graphical analysis revealed partial and over
dominance for different characters in normal irrigated and limited
moisture conditions. The dispersed array point indicated the presence
of satisfactory diversity among the parents.
Sufficient degree of heterosis and heterobeltiosis were observed
for all the studied characters. The cross DWRUB 64 x RD 2508 in E1
(normal irrigated) and DWRB 137 x RD 2052 in E2 (limited moisture)
exhibited desirable heterosis and the cross PL 419 x RD 2052 in E1
(normal irrigated) and PL 419 x RD 2508 in E2 (limited moisture)
exhibited desirable heterobeltiosis for grain yield per plant and its
attributing characters.
An overall assessment on the basis of per se performance, SCA
effects and heterosis, revealed that the cross RD 103 x RD 2508 in E1
(normal irrigated) and DWRB 137 x RD 2052 in E2 (limited moisture)
environment were emerged as good cross combinations for grain yield
per plant and its attributing characters. Hence, these crosses may be
considered desirable under particular environment and may be used
further in specific breeding programmes.
The result of drought susceptibility index (DSI), it could be
visualized that parents DWRUB 64, BH 946, RD 103 and RD 2592,
were found the most desirable for most of the characters. Among the
crosses, RD 2592 x PL 426 and PL 426 x RD 103 were found more
desirable as they possessed high drought tolerance for most of the
studied traits across the generations and could be used as promising
breeding material for the development of new drought tolerant
varieties.
An overall assessment of the result of this study advocated that
restricted recurrent selection, diallel mating design and bi-parental
mating could be used as effective and alternative breeding approaches
for the development of superior genotype and appreciable
improvement of barley in forthcoming years.