INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF WILT OF CARNATION CAUSED BY Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (Prill. and Del.) Snyd. and Hans.
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Date
2009
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UHF,NAUNI,SOLAN
Abstract
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Integrated management of wilt of carnation caused by Fusarium
oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (Prill. and Del.) Snyd. and Hans.” was conducted in the laboratories and experimental
farm of the Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology and also at the Department of Floriculture and
Landscaping. During the survey of the disease, 11.2-34.7 per cent incidence of wilt was recorded. Among
different fungicides tested in vitro carbendazim was found most effective with 90.06 per cent average inhibition
in mycelial growth of the wilt pathogen. Soil solarization in combination with leaf residues of cabbage was
found most effective with 85.0 per cent reduction in mycelial growth of the wilt pathogen at 5 cm soil depth.
Among different soil amendments, darek seed meal was found most effective in reducing the incidence of wilt
and improving various plant growth as well as quality parameters. Out of eight bio-formulations tested in vitro
against the wilt pathogen, darek seed extract was found most effective with 84.63 per cent average inhibition in
mycelial growth of the wilt pathogen. Among four species of Trichoderma tested in vitro, T. viride was found
most effective with 67.41 per cent inhibition in mycelial growth of the wilt pathogen. Among bacterial
antagonists, B. subtilis was found most effective with 57.05 per cent inhibition. Soil solarization with
transparent polyethylene sheet and biodegradable plastic sheet for 40 days resulted in an increase of 5.6 and
3.0°C in average maximum soil temperature, respectively at 5 cm soil depth in comparison to unsolarized soil in
the polyhouse. Soil solarization increased the incubation period of the disease by 47.10 and 33.86 per cent and
also reduced the wilt incidence by 81.82 and 63.63 per cent with transparent polyethylene sheet and
biodegradable plastic sheet, respectively. Soil solarization of the pathogen culture with transparent polyethylene
sheet and bio degradable plastic sheet at 5 cm soil depth for 40 days resulted in 84.43 and 68.84 per cent
reduction in viable propagules of the wilt pathogen, respectively in comparison to unsolarized beds at same
depth in polyhouse. Dip treatment of unrooted carnation cuttings in Trichoderma viride resulted in maximum
increase in average root length and plant height by 529.41and 66.63 per cent, respectively. Treatment
combinations of darek seeds meal and Trichoderma viride was found most effective in reducing the incidence of
wilt and improving various plant growth as well as quality parameters. Treatment combination of soil
solarization, cabbage leaves and T. viride was found most effective with 96.16 per cent reduction in the disease
incidence and also recorded maximum increase of 53.87, 51.34, 60.38, 38.36, 150.0 per cent in plant height,
number of flowers per plant, stem length, flower size and stem strength with A grade flowers, respectively and
also recorded 15.20 and 48.51 per cent less days to 1st flowering and flowering period, respectively in
comparison to unsolarized control.
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