GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES IN MANDUKAPARNI (Centella asiatica L.) ACCESSIONS OF COASTAL ZONE OF KARNATAKA
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Date
2022-11-24
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College of Horticulture, Mudigere, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga
Abstract
An investigation was carried out at ZAHRS, Mudigere during 2021-22 to ascertain the variability existed in germplasm collected from different geographical regions of coastal Karnataka (20 accessions). The collected accessions were morphologically characterized for 13 qualitative traits based on NBPGR descriptors which revealed wide morphological variability for all the traits studied except leaf surface. The experiment was laid out in RCBD design with 03 replications using two check varieties (Arka Prabhavi and Arka Divya). Among 22 accessions evaluated, the accession Acc. 42 performed better for most of the growth, herbage yield and quality attributes as compared to the check variety Arka Divya. The genetic variability study indicated that, considerable variability among the accessions for most of the economic characters. Higher magnitude of GCV and PCV accompanied by higher heritability and GAM were recorded for fresh and dry herbage yield and total triterpenoids. Character association studies revealed that, all the yield contributing traits had highly significant and positive genotypic correlation with dry herbage yield except chlorophyll content. Positive and highly significant genotypic correlation of total triterpenoids content with madecassoside, asiaticocide and asiatic acid was also observed. Genotypic path coefficient analysis clearly indicated that number of stolons per rosette (2.022), rosette length (1.930) and stolon length (1.129) had very high positive direct effect on dry herbage yield. While, madecassoside content (0.836) and asiaticoside content (0.225) exhibited high direct positive effect on total triterpenoids content. Based on Mahalanobis D2 analysis, clustering of accessions resulted in the formation of three clusters, the largest being cluster I (17 accessions). The diversity analysis revealed that petiole length and fresh herbage yield per m2 contributed maximum towards divergence. Therefore, genetic improvement of mandukaparni through selection shall be based on genetic diversity rather than geographic diversity. Hence, accession Acc.42 may be tested over different seasons to know the stability.