GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF GOAT BREEDS USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS
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Date
2005
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College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy.
Abstract
The study was undertaken to assess the genetic vana^lfly' tSnong four
goat breeds of South India using microsatellite markers. Three breeds studied
were native to Kerala. These were Malabari, Attappadi Black and non-descript
goats of Thrissur. The fourth breed, Salem Black, originated in the Salem district
of Tamil Nadu. Microsatellite analysis was carried out using four highly
polymorphic bovine markers.
Blood samples from 30 genetically unrelated animals of each breed were
collected and used as a source of DNA. The phenol-chloroform extraction
procedure was used and the mean yield of DNA obtained was 361.43±10.73
pg/five ml blood. The four markers selected for the study were, INRA63,
ILSTS030, HUJII77 and BM6121. PGR conditions were standardised for all the
primers. The forward primer of each primer pair used in the PGR assay was end
labeled with y^^P-ATP prior to setting up of the PGR. Ml 3 DNA was sequenced
and used as the size standard.
The PGR products were separated by denaturing polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis. Detection of the products was done by autoradiography. Gels
after electrophoresis were dried and was set for autoradiography with X-ray film
in a cassette fitted with intensifying screen. Allele sizes were obtained by
comparing with the sequence of Ml 3 single stranded DNA size standard.
A total of eleven alleles were detected at the INRA63 locus. The mean
heterozygosity and PIG values obtained were 0.774 and 0.743, respectively.
Seventeen alleles were detected at the ILSTS30 locus. The mean values of
heterozygosity and PIG were 0.878 and 0.866, respectively. Thirteen alleles were
detected at the BM6121 locus with mean heterozygosity and PIG values of 0.851
and 0.833, respectively. The HUJII77 locus was the most polymorphic of all the
four loci detecting 21 alleles. The mean heterozygosity and PIG values were
0.899 and 0.88, respectively.
The allele frequency measures were used to estimate the Nei's standard
genetic distance among the populations using the POPGENE program. The
distance measures ranged from 0.388 to 0.224, with the highest value noticed
between Salem Black and non-descript goats of Thrissur and the lowest between
Malabari and non-descript animals.
A dendrogram was constructed using the POPGENE program which
grouped the Salem Black and Attappadi Black goats in one cluster and Malabari
and the non-descript goats of Thrissur in another.
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