Performance effectiveness of Mahatma Gandhi national rural employment guarantee programme in Palakkad District (MGNREGP).
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Date
2011
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Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Vellayani
Abstract
Poverty eradication is a long term goal of India. Since independence number of poverty alleviation programmes were launched. It would be incorrect to say that all the poverty alleviation programmes had shown the result much expected. In this way the ongoing programme the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme is a flagship programme of Government of India. It is launched on February 2006 with the aim of enhancing livelihood security and poverty reduction. The study entitled “Performance effectiveness of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme” is an attempt to study the performance effectiveness of the programme in terms of stakeholder participation, stakeholder satisfaction and physical and financial achievement.
The study ‘Performance effectiveness of Mahatma Gandhi national Rural Employment Guarantee Programme was conducted in three Grama Panchayats of Palakkad district namely Agali, Eruthenpathy and Kannadi panchayat. The Multi stage Random sampling technique was followed in the selection of block, panchayat and beneficiaries. Two sets of respondents were selected for the study namely beneficiary respondents and beneficiary officers. Total sample size for the study was 120 which include 90 beneficiary respondents and 30 beneficiary officers.
The dependent variable selected to measure the performance effectiveness of the programme were extent of stakeholder participation, stakeholder satisfaction and physical and financial achievement. Independent variables were selected which includes age, sex, caste, education, marital status, family type, family size (Socio-personal variables), annual income, expenditure pattern (Socio-economic variable), level of aspiration, economic motivation, attitude towards MGNREGP, perception about MGNREGP (Socio-psychological variable) and contact with officials, media exposure and social participation (Extension communication variables).
The study revealed that 76.66 per cent of the beneficiary respondents actively participated and 7.77 per cent very actively participated in MGNREGP. With respect to beneficiary officers 22 per cent actively participated and 50 per cent were participated in MGNREGP. With regard to extent of satisfaction of beneficiary respondents, 50 per cent were very much satisfied and 50 per cent were satisfied with the MGNERGP, whereas satisfaction of officer was measured in terms of job satisfaction which indicated that above 50 per cent of the beneficiary officers were satisfied. The achievements of physical targets were measured in terms of increased employment, enhanced wage earnings, participation of marginalised group, strengthening and conservation of natural resources, enhanced purchasing power of rural household’s and poverty reduction. It is revealed from the study that an increasing trend in all these aspects.
The study indicated that 67.78 per cent of the respondents belonged to middle age group of which above 90 per cent of them were women and married. Most of the respondents were having nuclear family and forty per cent were having 4 members in their family. Above 60 per cent of the respondents belonged to backward community and 54 per cent were illiterate. Regarding the annual income, 54.45 per cent of the respondents earned income ranging between Rs.30001 and Rs.45000 whereas 40 per cent of the respondents annual expenditure was less than or equal to Rs.25000 and 34.44 per cent were in the range between Rs.25001- Rs.30000. The level of aspiration was found to have 65 per cent of the respondents under low level of aspiration (past), 80 per cent of the respondents under medium level aspiration (present) and above 60 per cent of the respondents under high level (future) aspiration. Economic motivation is an important motive for a person to perform more effectively to improve his/her economic performance. The economic motivation of the respondents was found to have 55 per cent of the respondents under higher level of economic motivation and strive hard in all possible ways to raise their income.
The study revealed that 88.89 per cent of the beneficiary respondents had favourable attitude towards MGNREGP of which 20 per cent were having highly favourable attitude. With respect to beneficiary officers 60 per cent had favourable attitude and 26.67 per cent had highly favourable attitude towards MGNREGP and also indicated that above 90 per cent of the respondents perceived that ‘MGNREGP helps to improve the livelihood of rural poor, empower the rural women as well as it is a blessing to women and unskilled labourers and it has resulted creation of useful assets in the village, strengthened the natural resources. It also perceived as a best programme in the era of rural development.
The constraints such as delay in wage payment, not getting continuous employment, getting employment under MGNREGP at the peak time of agricultural work, getting work distant place were perceived by the beneficiary respondents as important constraints. With respect to beneficiary officers more work load, inadequate technical support, and identification of works to meet the registered households were perceived as important constraints. The major findings of the performance of MGNREGP as perceived by respondents revealed that ‘relevance and usefulness of work to the village/people, quality of the work executed, process of registration, selection of works, issue of job cards, execution of works were ranked as effectively performed. The relationship between independent and dependent variables revealed that education and social participation showed positive significant relationship with extent of participation. With regard to satisfaction, education, social participation and performance were having positive and significant relationship. The panchayat wise comparison of selected independent and dependent variables using ANOVA revealed that family size, contact with officials, perception and satisfaction were found to have significant differences between panchayats whereas rest of the variables age, education, annual income, mass media exposure, economic motivation, social participation, expenditure pattern, attitude, performance and participation were positive but not had significant differences. The results of the canonical correlation indicated that extent of social participation, caste, education, marital status, performance, mass media exposure, contact with officials, age and future level of aspiration were the key variables in deciding the performance effectiveness of MGNREGP through extent of participation and extent of satisfaction.
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