Effect of biofertilizers and organic fertilizers on soil health, growth and yield of green pea (Pisum sativum L.)
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Date
2016
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of biofertilizers and organic fertilizers
on soil microbial dynamics, nutrient content of soil and plant, plant growth parameters and
crop yield attributes. Significantly higher bacterial population (150 × 107 CFU/g of soil),
PGPR population (218 ×105 CFU/g of soil) and soil dehydrogenase activity (2.291 μg TPF
formed/g of soil/h) was observed in treatment having 50% FYM + 50% recommended dose of
N and P +consortium biofertilizer while the maximum fungal population (20 ×103 CFU/g of
soil), diazotrophic population (140 ×105 CFU/g of soil), PSB population (80 ×104 CFU/g of
soil) and soil alkaline phosphatase activity (3.241 µg PNP formed/g of soil/h) was observed in
treatment having 100% FYM +consortium. Actinomycetes population and urease activity
showed varying trend as actinomycetes population (62 ×104 CFU/g of soil) was observed to
be significantly higher in control and urease activity (399.33 μg urea hydrolysed/ g of soil/ h)
in treatment having 100% FYM. Significantly higher soil organic carbon (0.35%) and
available P (28.4 kg/ha) were observed in treatment having 100% FYM + consortium while
available N (123.8 kg/ha) and K (121.9 kg/ha) were maximum in treatment having 50% FYM
+ 50% recommended dose of N and P +consortium. The maximum plant N uptake (598.2
kg/ha), P uptake (128.4 kg/ha) and K uptake (760.2 kg/ha) were recorded in treatment having
combined application of FYM, inorganic and biofertilizers. Among plant growth parameters,
root fresh and dry weight (5.67 g and 0.795 g respectively), shoot fresh and dry weight
(147.221 g and 17.912 g respectively), shoot length (97.35 cm), number of pods/plant (12),
pod weight/plant (29.39 g), seeds/pod (10), number of leaves (168) and number of
branches/plant (31) were maximum in treatment having combined application of FYM,
inorganic and biofertilizers. Pod length (9.9 cm) was the maximum in treatment having 100%
recommended dose of N and P + consortium while nodule number per plant (32) was
maximum in treatment having 100% FYM + consortium. Total pod yield (137.3 q/ha) was the
maximum in treatment having 50% FYM + 50% recommended dose of N and P +consortium
while stover yield (8.14 q/ha) was recorded maximum in treatment having 25% FYM + 75%
recommended dose of N and P +consortium. NPK content of seed and straw were maximum
in treatment having combined application of FYM, inorganic and biofertilizers. Significant
positive correlation was observed between bacterial population and enzyme activities, soil
properties, plant NPK content and yield. The results indicated that combined application of organic, inorganic and biofertilizers improved soil health and plant growth leading to
increased yield.
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Keywords
sowing, intercropping, wheats, tillage equipment, seed drilling, crops, mustard, fertilizers, land resources, chickpeas