Genetic divergence and correlation analysis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
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Date
2006
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
In the present investigation, 80 genotypes of sunflower were grown in
randomized block design with three replications accomodating each genotype
in 4 m long single row plot with row to row and plant to plant spacing at 45
cm and 30 cm, respectively, at the experimental research area of oilseeds
section, Department of Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar during spring season of 2005 with objective to determine variability,
correlation path coefficient, genetic divergence, identification of genetically
diverse and agronomically desirable germplasm and selection indices.
Observations on five competitive plants for 12 metric characters were
recorded. Substantial amount of genetic variability was observed for all the
characters under study. The seed yield per plant showed positive and
significant correlation with number of seeds per capitulum and 100 seed
weight. The path coefficient analysis recorded that number of seeds per
capitulum, 100 seed weight, plant height, palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic
acid were the main contributors towards seed yield per plant.
Based on D2 values, the genotypes were grouped into 10 clusters.
There was little association between clustering pattern and agro-ecological
distributions of genotypes. However, the genotypes of same agro-ecological
origin had shown some tendency to come together in the same cluster. The
genotypes included in clusters V, VIII, IX and X were identified as divergent as well as higher mean values for important yield component characters. The
genotype viz. DRSF-120R, P70R, Nandyal-1 and RHA-586 were divergent and
superior performers for most of the yield and quality attributing characters
and could be exploited in future sunflower breeding programme. Combination
of characters viz. number of seeds per capitulum and seed yield per plant was
superior to straight selection for yield. Therefore, breeder engaged in the
improvement of sunflower, should lay greater emphasis on this combination.