Effect of fluorine and phosphorus on the growth and chemical composition of wheat in sodic soils
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Date
2006
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Screen house experiments were conducted to investigate the
effect of varying levels of fluorine (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1) and
phosphorus (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg kg-1) at varying ESP levels (0, 30,
45 and 60) on the yield and chemical composition of wheat in sodic
soil. The soil of different ESP 0, 30, 45 and 60 were prepared by
applying different amount of sodium bicarbonate in distilled water to
the calculated volume of saturation percentage of soil. The observed
ESP were 5.8, 26.3, 44.5 and 56.6, respectively. The results revealed
that in grain with application of P the yield increase 50.17% in ESP 5.8
and 190% of at ESP 56.6 at maximum level of (50 mg kg-1). The
decrease in straw yield was 15.18% at ESP 5.8 and 21.3% at ESP 56.6
and with application of P the yield increase was 43.74% at 5.8 ESP and
30.65% at ESP 56.6 at maximum level of P (50 mg kg-1) as compared to
control.
The grain and straw yield decreased with increasing levels of
fluorine at maximum level of F (200 mg kg-1) along with increasing ESP
and with the application of P the yield of both grain and straw
increased. The adverse effect of added F was more marked at higher
ESP level and the deleterious effect of added F was counteracted to
some extent by addition of phosphorus.
The fluoride concentration in both grain and straw increased
clearly with increasing level of added F and P concentration in soil
along with increase in ESP and P concentration in grain and straw of
wheat also increased with increasing level of P but decreased with
increasing level of F while concentration decreased with higher ESP.
The application of F also resulted in decreased Ca, Mg, K, Zn and Mn
concentration in the plant while no definite trend was observed on Na
and Cu concentration in wheat straw and grain.
The laboratory experiment was carried out to study the effect of
incubation on extractability of F and P in soil at ESP 5.8 and ESP 56.6,
incubation studies were conducted with levels of fluorine ranging from
0 to 100 mg kg-1 and P ranging from 0 to 50 mg kg-1 at incubation
periods varying from 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 day at 250C. Moisture
was maintained at field capacity by addition of distilled water. The
results indicated that extractability of F in soil increased with
increasing levels of P and F application alongwith increased ESP.
Similarly Olsen’s extractability of P in soil also increased with
increasing levels of F, P and ESP. However the extractability of both F
and P decreased with increase in incubation period.