A Biotechnological Process for Treatment and Recycling of Cage Layer Manure as a Feed Ingredient for Egg –Type Chicken

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dc.contributor.advisorPurushothaman, M.R.
dc.contributor.advisorChandrasekaran, D.
dc.contributor.advisorSaravanakumar, V. Ramesh
dc.contributor.authorRubananthini, A.
dc.contributor.authorTANUVAS
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-30T05:48:13Z
dc.date.available2018-01-30T05:48:13Z
dc.date.issued2005
dc.description.abstractA study was undertaken to evaluate the nutritive and feeding values of fermented and unprocessed cage layer manure (CLM) as a feed ingredient in egg-type chicken. Ten samples of CLM were collected from different farms and analyzed. The mean crude protein, true protein, uric acid, calcium and phosphorus in unprocessed CLM were 17.42, 12.27, 6.30, 7.78 and 1.61 per cent. The neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, hemicellulose and cellulose content of CLM were 46.03, 30.13, 15.90 and 17.79 per cent. In comparison to unprocessed CLM, fermented CLM had low crude protein (16.86 %), true protein (8.19 %) and uric acid (5.76 %). The AME of unprocessed and fermented CLM were 1050 and 1013 kcal/kg. The E.coli, Salmonella, Staphylococci, Clostridium and yeast count in unprocessed CLM were 6.9, 4.8, 9.5, 9.8 and 6.9 log10 cfu/g. In fermented product, E.coli, Salmonella, Clostridium were absent and Staphylococci was reduced from 9.7 to 5.3 log10 cfu/g. Lactobacillus count in the fermented product was 12.36 log10 cfu/g. Feeding trial was conducted in egg-type chicken to find out maximum level of inclusion of fermented and unprocessed CLM, chicks were divided into seven groups (with three replicates in each group) and fed with isocaloric and isonitrogenous diet containing 0, 5, 7.5, 10 per cent fermented CLM and 5, 7.5 and 10 per cent unprocessed CLM. During 0 to 4 weeks, the weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency of the fermented CLM was comparable to control except for reduced feed intake in 7.5 per cent fermented CLM fed groups. The weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency were not influenced by inclusion of fermented and unprocessed CLM up to 10 per cent during 5 to 8 weeks of age or during the chick phase (0 to 8 weeks of age). Feeding of fermented and unprocessed CLM did not influence weight of organs (gizzard, heart, intestine) expressed in percentage of live weight, intestinal length and pH. Fermented CLM fed birds had higher liver weight (percentage of live weight) than birds fed with unprocessed CLM. Serum uric acid, serum protein, serum albumin and globulin were not influenced by feeding different levels of unprocessed and fermented CLM. Microbial load of jejunum showed increased E.coli, Salmonella, Staphylococci and Lactobacillus count in treated groups than control. Clostridium was absent in all groups. Microbial population of excreta from birds fed with fermented and unprocessed CLM showed comparable E.coli, Lactobacillus in all treated groups and higher Salmonella, Staphylococci and Clostridium count in unprocessed CLM fed groups. Villi length, epithelial thickening, crypts number per field and width were not influenced by feeding different levels of fermented and unprocessed CLM. Significant increase in villi width was noticed in the birds fed fermented CLMen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810040027
dc.keywordsVeterinary Science, Animal Nutrition, Egg-type Chickenen_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.pages1-4en_US
dc.publisherTANUVAS, Chennaien_US
dc.subAnimal Nutritionen_US
dc.subjectVeterinary Scienceen_US
dc.subjectAnimal Nutritionen_US
dc.themeAnimal Nutritionen_US
dc.these.typeM.V.Sc.en_US
dc.titleA Biotechnological Process for Treatment and Recycling of Cage Layer Manure as a Feed Ingredient for Egg –Type Chickenen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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