Effect of various diets on the biology of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) and development of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii
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Date
2021-09
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
Investigations on effect of various diets on the biology of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) and development of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii were conducted under laboratory conditions at CCS HAU, Hisar during October 2020 to April 2021. The experiment was carried out to access the effect of different diets, viz., T1 [bajra 100%], T2 [maize 100%], T3 [wheat 100%], T4 [bajra (48.5%) + sorghum (48.5%) + groundnut (3%)], T5 [maize (48.5%) + sorghum (48.5%) + groundnut (3%)], T6 [wheat (48.5%) + sorghum (48.5%) + groundnut (3%)] and T7 [bajra (32.33%) + maize (32.33%) + wheat (32.33%) + sugar (3%)] on developmental, reproductive and biometrics of C. cephalonica along with developmental parameters of T. chilonis. The results revealed that the lowest egg hatching percentage (60.33 per cent) was found on T3 and highest (87.50 per cent) was on T7 diet. The shortest and longest incubation period (3.83 and 6.67 days), larval period (31.83 and 40.60 days), pupal period (14.83 and 19.33 days) and total developmental period (50.50 and 65.00 days) were recorded on T1 and T3 diet, respectively. The maximum and minimum adult emergence (88.33 and 53.75 per cent), sex ratio (1.72:1 and 0.42:1), fecundity (239.16 and 162.00 eggs per female) and growth index (2.66 and 1.39) were recorded on T5 and T3 diet, respectively. The maximum adult female (8.67 days) and male longevity period (12.50 days) was recorded on T5 whereas minimum female longevity (4.67 days) was found on T1 and in case of adult male (7.17 days) on T3 diet. Studies on biometrics of C. cephalonica revealed that the average maximum length and breadth (0.019 and 0.014 mm) of eggs were recorded on T5 while minimum (0.014 and 0.009 mm) on T3. The average maximum length and breadth of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th instars (1.02 and 0.21 mm), (4.52 and 0.82 mm), (7.12 and 1.34 mm), (10.39 and 1.65 mm) and (12.98 and 2.14 mm) were noticed on T5 and minimum (0.86 and 0.16 mm), (3.33 and 0.55 mm), (5.41 and 0.90 mm), (8.66 and 1.29 mm) and (11.14 and 1.37 mm) were noticed on T3 diet, respectively. The average maximum length and breadth of pre-pupa (9.94 and 2.51 mm) and pupa (10.32 and of 2.79 mm) were recorded on T5 and minimum length and breadth (9.46 and 2.25 mm) and (7.76 and 2.19 mm) were found on T3 diet, respectively. Significantly average longest and wider female (10.53 and 2.46 mm) was noticed on T5 diet whereas shortest and narrower female (8.28 and 1.50 mm) was found on T3 diet, respectively. The average maximum length (8.85 mm) and breadth (2.03 mm) of males were recorded on T7 diet whereas minimum (7.11 and 1.42 mm) was found on T1 diet.The highest parasitization percentage (85.80 per cent), sex ratio (1.67:1) and adult emergence percentage (75.00 per cent) of T. chilonis were observed on eggs of T5 diet and minimum (50.20 per cent), (1.03:1) and (43.50 per cent) on T3 diet, respectively. The average longest time of emergence (5.90 days) taken by T. chilonis on T3 and shortest (3.10 days) on T1 diet. The longest (7.70 days) life span of T. chilonis was recorded on T5 and shortest (5.00 days) on T1 diet. From present findings it can be concluded that T5 was the best diet for C. cephalonica rearing and development of T. chilonis whereas least preferred diet was T3.