Adoption pattern and constraint analysis of modern rice varieties in Jehanabad district of Bihar
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Date
2016-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The study was conducted in Jehanabad district of Bihar. Two blocks namely Makhdumpur and Hulasganj were selected randomly and from each selected block, two villages were selected randomly. An attempt was made to characterize the socio-economic status, costs and returns, factors affecting adoption of modern rice varieties and constraints faced in adoption of modern rice varieties on sample farms pertaining to the year 2014-15. The study was based on survey of 60 rice growers comprising of marginal (48), small (8) and semimedium (4) farmers which were selected from four villages of Jehanabad district on the basis of PPS technique. Descriptive statistical tools, CACP cost concept, OLS regression technique and Garret’s ranking technique were applied for achieving the objectives. The average operational land holding was found to be 0.90 ha. Rice was the dominant crop in kharif season and it occupied 75.56 per cent area to the total cropped area in kharif season. Whereas lentil, wheat and pea were the major crops in rabi season and occupied an area of 27.79, 24.44 and 13.33 per cent area to total cropped area in rabi season. Average annual income of farm households from different sources was found Rs. 87114.56 in which share of farm and non-farm income in total income was 28.90 and 71.10 per cent, respectively. Out of the total area under rice, share of area under modern and traditional rice varieties were found to be 72.55 and 27.45 per cent, respectively. Laldhaiya and Samba Mahsuri were the major traditional and modern rice variety grown by the farmers. The cost of cultivation of traditional and modern rice varieties was Rs. 26895.00 and Rs. 36961.44 per ha. The yield of traditional and modern rice varieties was found 23.56 and 41.47 qtls/ha, respectively. The per hectare net return over cost C3 was estimated as Rs. 3025.00 and Rs. 13403.77 for traditional and modern rice varieties, respectively. The independent variables viz., experience in farming, size of land holding, share of irrigated area, and yield advantage of modern varieties had positive influence on adoption of modern rice varieties while age of household head had negative influence. Untimely rainfall, high cost of input, lack of awareness of suitable technologies, unawareness of supplies and services offered by the Government were the major constraint faced by the farmers in adoption of modern rice varieties. On the basis of findings of the study, major policy implications emerged are: there is requirement to expand the irrigated area so that area and yield of modern varieties could be enhanced. There should be arrangement of demonstrations of HYVs rice by extension worker to train and educate farmers’ about improved rice cultivation practices to optimize resource use. Government should provide facility to the farmers for acquisition of machinery and minor farm implements, so that more mechanization could be implemented in cultivation practices. The government should strengthen the institutions related to transfer of technology like ATMA, Govt. Agri. Extension workers, KVKs, SAUs etc.
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