Yield And Trace Metal Concentrations In Abelmoschus esulentus and Colocasia esculenta.In Fly Ash Treated Soil
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Date
1998
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
An experiment was planned to characterize obtained from Bokaro for various physico-chemical properties and its possible agricultural and utilization fly ash chemical in two important vegetable crops i.e. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Colocasia (Colocasia esculenta) grown abundantly Chotanagpur soils and Santhal Paraganas region of Bihar.
Fly ash of Bokaro steel plant was slightly acidic in reaction and rich in total and available plant nutrients except nitrogen. Higher contents of some heavy metals (Pb, Co and Ni ) were also recorded. Fly ash application upto 8 per cent with recommended level of fertilizer had beneficial effect on yield of Okra (80.45 q ha 1) beyond which there was a decline in yield. Similarly, recommended level cormel yield of Colocasia was higher (7.86 t ha-¹) at 8 per cent fly ash level applied with recommended dose of fertilizer followed by that at 16 per cent fly ash level + ½ recommended NPK (7.25 t ha-¹).
Content of trace metals in okra was significantly affected by fly ash additions. Generally, all trace metals studied exhibited higher concentration with increasing levels of fly ash. Pb, Co and Ni varied from 6.47 to 25.68 mg kg-1, 10.45 to 34.56 mg kg-1 and 8.74 to 20.83 mg kg-1, respectively, increase in fly ash application rates ranging from 0 to 16 per cent (W/W) +1/2 recommended NPK.
Content of Pb, Co and Ni in okra did not differ significantly when 16 per cent fly ash was applied with recommended or half of recommended dose of fertilizers. Content of trace element in okra was also influenced by picking time. Contents of all trace metals studied (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co and Ni₁) decreased from first to subsequent pickings of okra fruit. In colocasia cormel Pb, Co and Ni concentration varied from 16.42 to 34.50 mg kg-1, 16.14 to 45.12 mg kg-1 and 5.33 to 17.67 mg kg-¹, respectively, with graded level of fly ash application (0-16 % W/W).
Content of trace metals in Colocasia leaves followed similar trend as Colocasia cormel, but were considerably lower in Colocasia cormel.
Fly ash addition normally resulted in an average in of trace crease of 0.26 unit in pH and electrical conductivity by 0.13 dsm-1 when compared control. Availability of phosphorus, potassium and sulphur in soil after harvest of okra and colocasia increased with higher levels of fly ash incorporation in soil.
DTPA extractable trace metal contents (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co and Ni) in soil after harvest of okra varied from 94 to 249 mg kg-¹, 20.16 to 61.33 mg kg 1, 0.81 to 4.17 mg kg-1, 0.75 to 3.27 mg kg-1, 1.51 to 5.76 mg kg-1, 1.67 to 6.27 mg kg-1 0.30 to 0.68 mg kg-1, respectively with varying fly ash and levels. The lowest value was recorded in control while highest with fly ash additions. Contents of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co and Ni in soil increased from 91 to 235 mg kg-1, 27.87 to 65.54 mg kg ¹, 0.65 to 4.12 mg kg-1, 0.61 to 4.29 mg kg-1, 1.62 to 6.20 mg kg-1, 1.75 to 7.20 mg kg-1 and 0.25 to 0.70 mg kg-1, respectively harvest of Colocasia with graded fly ash levels.