ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN RETENTION OF QUALITY TRAITS OF RICE UNDER KONKAN COASTAL CONDITIONS (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2021-06-30
Authors
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Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli.
Abstract
The present investigation entitled, “Analysis of genetic
diversity in retention of quality traits of rice under konkan
coastal conditions (Oryza sativa. L) was undertaken to asses
genetic variability, correlation, path analysis and genetic
diversity in 24 genotypes of rice in Randomized Block Design
with three replications at Educational and Research farm,
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Karjat, Dist.Raigad,
Maharashtra during kharif 2020.
The analysis of variance revealed significant variation
among the genotypes for all the characters studied. The
maximum range of variation was observed for the characters,
Number of filled spikelets per per panicle, Number of spikelets
per panicle, Water uptake, Plant height, Gel consistency, Days to
maturity and Days to 50% flowering. Higher GCV, PCV,
heritability and genetic advance as per cent mean were recorded
for Test weight, Number of filled spikelets per panicle, Grain
yield per plant, Straw yield per plant and Number of filled
spikelets per panicle, indicating that simple selection could be
practiced for improving these traits.
Genotype Karjat-3 demonstrate the maximum Grain yield
per plant among all the genotypes. High genotypic coefficient of
variation was observed for Number of spikelets per panicle, Test
weight, Number of filled spikelets per panicle, Grain yield per
plant, Amylose content, L:B ratio, Straw yield per plant, Days to
maturity, Gel consistency, Days to 50% flowering and Spikelet
fertility. These traits also possess high heritability with high
genetic advance hence the selection for these traits was effective.
Association analysis indicated that there was positive
correlation among Grain yield per plant with Straw yield per
plant, Grain breadth and Harvest index while, the Test weight
also showed highest highly significant positive correlation with
Grain breadth followed by Grain yield per plant, Straw yield per
plant and Volume expansion ratio. Test weight had significant
positive correlation with Milling percentage followed by Hulling
percentage and Harvest index. Selection for these traits can be
effectively improve Grain yield.
Among the yield components, Genotypic and phenotypic
path coefficient analysis showed that Straw yield per plant, Test
weight, Grain breadth Harvest Index and Panicle length had the
highest positive direct effect on Grain yield per plant where as
Grain length and Elongation ratio also found to positively
significant for yield. Among these characters, Number of
productive tillers per plant possessed both positive association
and high direct effects. Hence, selection for this character could
bring improvement in yield and yield components.
The 24 genotypes were grouped into 5 different clusters on
the basis of magnitude of D² values evaluated by Mahalanobis D²
analysis. The inter–cluster distance was high between cluster IV
and Cluster V, there by indicated wide range of variation among
the clusters formed. Hence, the genotypes underlying in these
clusters could be selected for breeding programme to obtain
potential sergeants.
Genotypes OR(CZ)-64, R 2054-147-2-104-1, CR 3663-261-
8-4, R1915-115-1-88-1 and JDP-S-38 was found to be aromatic
rice with other desirable trait such as higher Number of tillers
per plant and Straw yield per plant. These genotypes can be
utilized in breeding programmes in future.