EVALUATION OF Acorus calamus L. COLLECTIONS FROM HIMACHAL PRADESH
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Date
2023-12-18
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UHF Nauni
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of Acorus calamus L. Collections from Himachal Pradesh” was carried out during the year 2022-2023 in the laboratory and experimental field of the Department of Forest Products, College of Forestry, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). Morphological study of Acorus calamus from different sites revealed that plant was found to be perennial, aromatic herb with erect growth habit. The leaf was found to be distichous and base equitant, linear to narrowly ensiform with parallel veins and having single prominent mid vein and smooth edges with entire leaf margin having moderate olive-green colour. Rhizome was found to be creeping, jointed, vertically compressed with numerous fibrous roots and spongy inside having greenish white colour externally and pinkish white internally. With regard to effect of different harvesting seasons on essential oil content the maximum value was recorded when the rhizomes were harvested during the month of May (3.82%) as compared to harvesting during November. Among different sites, site S1 (Bandrol, Kullu) exhibited maximum essential oil content (4.37%). With regard to interaction effect between sites and harvesting seasons maximum value for essential oil content (4.78%) was observed in treatment combination S4M2 (Khajjiar, Chamba during May). Among different drying methods D1(Shade drying) exhibited maximum essential oil content (3.43%) followed by oven drying (3.06%). Whereas among different sites maximum essential oil content (3.95%) was observed in site S1 (Bandrol, Kullu). However, in case of interaction effect between sites and drying methods maximum value of essential oil content (4.41%) was exhibited by treatment combination S1D1 (Bandrol, Kullu in shade drying). Among different growth hormones treatment, T2 (IAA 100 ppm) excelled in all growth parameters i.e., sprouting percentage (60.82%), rooting percentage (60.82%), survival percentage (60.82%), plant height (55.72 cm), total root length (201.61 cm) and surface area of roots (25.09 cm2) and minimum values were observed in T0 (Control). Among different sites, site S7 (Harabag, Mandi) exhibited maximum sprouting percentage (62.50%), rooting percentage (62.50%) and survival percentage (62.50%) which was followed by site S1(Bandrol, Kullu) (59.22%). However maximum plant height (56.03 cm), total root length (214.49 cm) and surface area of roots (27.57 cm2) was exhibited in site S1 (Bandrol, Kullu). Among interaction effect between different sites and plant growth hormones treatments, maximum value for plant height (62.74 cm), total root length (248.27 cm) and surface area of roots (32.67 cm2) was recorded in treatment combination S1T2 (Bandrol Kullu with application of IAA 100 ppm). Correlation analysis between essential oil content (%) and soil nutrients revealed positive correlation between essential oil content (%) and Available N, Available P and Available S.