Influence of herbicides on Rhizobium growth and its symbiosis with mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
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Date
2017
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Abstract
The present study “Influence of herbicides on Rhizobium growth and its symbiosis with mungbean
[Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]” was conducted at Research field of Pulses Section, Department of
Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The field experiment was
conducted during two seasons i.e. kharif 2016 and summer 2017. Experiment I, conducted to
study the influence of herbicides on Rhizobium and PGPR growth under in vitro conditions, was
laid out in CRD replicated three times with 13 treatments (viz. pendimethalin 30 EC at 180, 396,
900 and 1980 ppm, imazethapyr 10 SL at 26, 40, 133 and 200 ppm, pendimethalin 30 EC +
imazethapyr 2 SL (pre-mix) at 180, 396, 900 and 1980 ppm and control). Experiment II entitled,
“Effect of herbicides on Rhizobium-mungbean symbiosis and productivity of mungbean” was laid
out in RCBD replicated three times with 10 treatments (viz. pendimethalin 30 EC at 0.45 kg ha-1
(PE) + hand weeding (HW) at 4 weeks after sowing (WAS), pendimethalin 30 EC at 0.75 kg ha-1
(PE), pendimethalin 30 EC + imazethapyr 2 SL (pre-mix) at 0.45 kg ha-1 (PE) + HW at 4 WAS,
pendimethalin 30 EC + imazethapyr 2 SL at 0.75 kg ha-1 (PE), imazethapyr 10 SL at 50 g ha-1 at
15 DAS, imazethapyr 10 SL at 50 g ha-1 at 25 DAS, imazethapyr 10 SL at 75 g ha-1 at 15 DAS,
imazethapyr 10 SL at 75 g ha-1 at 25 DAS, two HW at 4 & 6 WAS and weedy check). In
Experiment I, the highest tolerance of Rhizobium and PGPR was recorded to pendimethalin 30 EC
followed by pendimethalin 30 EC + imazethapyr 2 SL and least by imazethapyr 10 SL. In
Experiment II, application of pendimethalin 30 EC at 0.45 kg ha-1 + HW at 4 WAS, pendimethalin
30 EC at 0.75 kg ha-1 and pendimethalin 30 EC + imazethapyr 2 SL at 0.45 kg ha-1 + HW at 4
WAS, in general, had no/little inhibitory effect on symbiotic parameters (nodule number, nodule
dry weight and leghaemoglobin content) in kharif as well as in summer mungbean. Application of
pendimethalin 30 EC at 0.45 kg ha-1 + HW at 4 WAS and pendimethalin 30 EC + imazethapyr 2
SL at 0.45 kg ha-1 + HW at 4 WAS, in general, recorded statistically similar growth attributes,
symbiotic parameters, yield attributes & yield, economics, soil micro-flora population, weed
number & weed dry matter and nutrient uptake by crop & weeds with two HW at 4 & 6 WAS. In
terms of symbiotic parameters, grain yield and net returns, pendimethalin 30 EC at 0.45 kg ha-1 +
HW at 4 WAS and pendimethalin 30 EC + imazethapyr 2 SL at 0.45 kg ha-1 + HW at 4 WAS are
the promising treatments.
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