Study on husbandry practices of dairy sector in Kumaon division of Uttarakhand
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Date
2018-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Study was conducted in Kumaon division to study husbandry practices of dairy sector. Four blocks viz. Hawalbag and Lamgara from Almora and Kichha and Sitarganj from US Nagar district and two villages from each block were taken to make sample size of 80 producers. Data on socio-economic, farm specific characteristics, training needs, mass media exposure, extension agent contacts were collected. Study revealed that middle aged respondents between 31-45 years (76.25%) mostly educated primary to high school (80%) were engaged in dairying and 51.5% of them had nuclear families. Over 76% producers belonged to general, 16.25% to SC and rests were OBCs. About 97% producers were hindues. Study revealed that 45% farmers had kuccha and 55% had pucca farmhouses, percentage of pucca was more in Almora (67.5%), P _ 0.05. Respondents had good farmhouses were much aware of constraints and accordingly their rectification. Majority of farmers had _3 herd strength (P _ 0.05). Farmer’s attitude towards health care management was low however farmers of Almora were more concerned about it. Study revealed that with higher herd strength respondents face more constraints but rectify them at their own end. Study indicated that 82.5% farmers were aware of importance of vaccination. To recognize illness, reduced feed intake was a major criteria (90%) followed by lacrimation (80%), poor health and growth rate. Mastitis and bloat illnesses were known to 87.5 and 80% farmers respectively. Analysis showed that farmers mainly women were involved in home prepared feed with less storage (48.75%) tendency. Only 38.5% producers purchased feed from market and rest prepared at home or depended on grazing. The 51.25% farmers never sprayed disinfectant while 46.25% did occasionally. Under mass media use farmer’s fair was preferred by 81.25% farmers followed by TV (63.75%) and clinical camps (57.5%) over others. As extension agent, fellow farmers were the top consultants with mean score 1.613 followed by government doctors (mean score 1.4) for dairying. Relationship between age and mass media indicated that with increased age dairy producers were willing to contact media. Nuclear families contacted extension agents more as compared to joint. Lack of need based trainings was noticed as major constraints while inadequate housing system was the least perceived constraint. Training needs ranked calf management as 1st need followed by clean milk production (2nd) and heat detection (3rd) by the farmers. Study showed that larger the family size lesser were the training needs as family members managed the problems by discussion within the family. More awareness in farmers indicated comparatively less training needs. Study indicated strengthening of veterinary services and need based regular trainings to farmers for better performance of dairying.
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