CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CANINE PARVOVIRAL INFECTION IN AND AROUND TIRUPATI
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Date
2012-10
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY , TIRUPATI – 517502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT :
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the causative agent of enteritis and myocarditis in young pups. Since there was no earlier report on the prevalence of CPV in and around Tirupati, So the present study was under taken to study the epidemiology and diagnosis of CPV infection. A total of 217 faecal samples were collected from canine parvovirus suspected cases over a period of 6 months from 8th March 2012 to 31st August 2012 at Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex , Tirupati. The faecal samples were screened by HA, HI tests and Scan VetTM PARVO kit. Out of 217 dog faecal samples screened, 72 samples were positive for CPV infection with an overall prevalence of 33.17 percent. Breed wise analysis of data indicated that highest prevalence (43.75%) in Spitz and least prevalence (28.71%) in Mongrel. CPV infection in relation to age, was highest (40.74%) in 0-6 months and least (10%) in above 1year old dogs. Sex wise analysis of data revealed the higher prevalence (37.30%) in male dogs than female (27.47%) dogs. Month wise prevalence of CPV infection revealed highest prevalence (48.97%) in the month of July and lowest (20%) in the month of March. The prevalence of CPV infection was high (35.41%) in un-vaccinated dogs than the vaccinated dogs (16.00%).
In the present study out of 72 dogs positive for canine parvoviral infection 48 (66.66%) dogs had secondary bacterial infection (mixed-infection) and remaining 24 dogs had solo-infection with CPV. Secondary bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Klebsiella spp, Enterobactor aerogens and Staphylococci. were isolated from CPV infected dogs.
In the present study CPV infected dogs exhibited the clinical signs such as diarrhoea, elevated mean rectal temperature (104.78 ± 0.30oF), heart rate (198.88 ± 3.2/min ) and respiratory rate (45.94 ± 3.44) when compared to healthy dogs. Further the bloody diarrhoea, dehydration, depression was recorded in more number of dogs with mixed-infection compared to dog with solo- infection.
27 CPV infected dogs were successfully treated with Inj. Cefotaxime @ 25mg/kg body weight once/day, I/V for 5days, Inj. Perinorm (Metaclopramide) @ 0.2mg/ kg body weight once/day, I/V for 3days, Inj. Rantac (Ranitidine) @
0.5mg/ kg body weight, I/V once/day for 3 days, 5% Dextrose and Ringers Lactate (R.L). However 3 dogs died in spite of tre
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