STUDIES ON ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN MATERNAL AND FETAL DYSTOCIA OF GRADED MURRAH BUFFALOES (Bubalus bubalis)
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Date
2018-12
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
Detailed obstetrical examination was performed in referral dystocia
cases of Graded Murrah buffaloes (n=122) and the incidence of maternal
and fetal dystocia was recorded and anlayzed. Out of the 122 dystocia
affected buffaloes a total of 43 buffaloes of different parities were utilized in
the study and were divided into three groups, (1) Maternal dystocia
(comprising uterine torsion) (n=25), (2) Fetal dystocia (n=10) and (3) Eutocia
(normal parturition) (n=8) as healthy controls. Further, haemato-biochemical and oxidative parameters were recorded and compared between groups and also at presentation (0 hrs) and after treatment (24 hrs). The incidence of maternal and fetal dystocia in the present study was
77.86% and 22.14%, respectively among the cases presented between
September 2017 and August 2018. The incidence of uterine torsion more
frequent cause of maternal dystocia. Uterine torsion occurred more
frequently in pluriparous buffaloes at full term. Post cervical right sided
uterine torsion was common with higher incidence for severe degree
(>270->360°) of uterine torsion in buffaloes. The condition was observed
since >24-36 hours in 53.40 percent of the buffaloes before they were
presented for treatment. The most fetuses delivered were in anterior
longitudinal presentation and male fetus outnumbered the female fetuses.
Fetal dystocia also occurred more frequently in pluriparous buffaloes at
term and higher per cent of fetuses were delivered in anterior longitudinal
presentation with limb flexions and most them are delivered dead.
Neutrophilia with lymphopenia was recorded in dystocia affected
buffaloes when compared to eutocia group, while other parameters like
haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC)
and total leucocyte count (TLC) did not exhibit significant variations among
the three groups of buffaloes. The mean serum glucose was slightly elevated
in dystocia affected buffaloes compared to normal calved group. The
dystocia affected buffaloes showed significantly lowered mean serum
calcium and phosphorus levels compared to eutocia group. Non-significant
variations were recorded in plasma total protein concentrations between the
groups at different instances. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was markedly
elevated in maternal dystocia group compared to fetal dystocia and eutocia
group of buffaloes. Creatinine levels were significantly higher in fetal
dystocia group compared to maternal dystocia and eutocia group of
buffaloes at presentation while no significant difference was recorded at 24
hrs after treatment. Significantly higher Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
levels were observed in dystocia affected buffaloes in comparison with
eutocia group at 0 hrs and 24 hrs. Significant variation was observed in between the groups for
malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced
glutathione (GSH) activity at both 0 hrs and 24 hrs. The plasma MDA
concentration was elevated in dystocia affected, while decreased SOD and
GSH antioxidant enzymes activity in dystocia affected buffaloes, when
compared to normally calved buffaloes. It was concluded that estimation of calcium, BUN, creatinine and oxidative parameters (MDA, SOD and GSH) with haematological parameters
like TLC, neutrophil and lymphocyte count could be used as an indicator for
severity of the condition and prognosis of both maternal and fetal dystocia
affected buffaloes. Thus, it was suggested that monitoring oxidative and
antioxidant parameters are necessary as a matter of emergency care to
attempt early treatment of dystocia and to overcome the oxidative damage,
oxidative stress for prompt recovery.
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