Yield response of cluster bean (Cyamposis tetragonoloba L.) to different irrigation and fertigation levels
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Date
2022-11-30
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
The present investigation entitled as “Yield response of cluster bean (Cyamposis tetragonoloba L.) to different irrigation and fertigation levels” was carried out at experimental field of AICRP on Irrigation Water Management, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani (MS) during summer season 2020-21. The experiment was laid out in split plot design where main plots were assigned for five irrigation levels viz., I1: Drip irrigation at 0.4 ETc, I2: Drip irrigation at 0.6 ETc, I3: Drip irrigation at 0.8 ETc, I4: Drip irrigation at 1.0 ETc and I5: Farmers Practice and sub plots were allotted to four fertigation levels viz., F1: Control (No fertilizer application), F2: 50% of RDF through drip (20:30:30 NPK kg ha-1), F3: 75% of RDF through drip (30:45:45 NPK kg ha-1), F4: 100% of RDF through drip (40:60:60 NPK kg ha-1) and thus twenty treatment combinations were replicated twice. The sowing of cluster bean variety Pusa Navbahar was undertaken on 27th January 2022 by dibbling method at the spacing of 60 cm x 30 cm on raised bed for drip irrigation treatment and 60 cm x 30 cm for farmer’s practice. Irrigation was scheduled at alternate day in drip irrigation treatments on the basis of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) as per the different irrigation levels (0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 ETc). Fertigation treatments were applied through water soluble fertilizers in six splits as per the fertigation schedule taking into consideration the growth stages and nutrient requirement of the crop. In farmer’s practice complete dose of NPK was applied uniformly at the time of sowing as per the treatments.
Biometric observations on growth parameters were recorded during experimental period at periodical interval of 30 days starting from 30 DAS to harvest of crop. In post-harvest studies observations pertaining to yield attributes, yield and were also recorded. Besides this plant growth analysis, water use efficiency, nutrient use efficiency was estimated by adopting the standard methods and procedures.
The results of experiment revealed that application of drip irrigation at 1.0 ETc scheduled at alternate day recorded significantly higher growth parameters like plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1 and leaf area index, however it was at par with irrigation level 0.8 ETc. Also, application of drip irrigation at 1.0 ETc scheduled at alternate day recorded significantly higher yield attributes, gross monetary return, net monetary return and benefit cost ratio over rest of the irrigation levels and it was at par with irrigation level 0.8 ETc.
Drip fertigation with 40:60:60 NPK kg ha-1 (100% RDF) in six splits as per the fertigation schedule through water soluble fertilizers recorded significantly higher growth parameters like plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1 and leaf area index and significantly higher yield attributes, gross monetary return and net monetary return, however it was at par with 30:45:45 NPK kg ha-1 (75% RDF). Significantly higher benefit cost ratio was obtained in fertigation treatment 75% RDF (30:45:45 NPK kg ha-1) and was at par with 100% RDF (40:60:60 NPK kg ha-1).
The highest water use efficiency was recorded in case of drip irrigation level of 0.4 ETc followed by 0.6 ETc, 0.8 ETc and 1.0 ETc. And fertigation level 40:60:60 NPK kg ha-1 (100% RDF) gave the highest water use efficiency as compared to lower fertigation level 30:45:45 NPK kg ha-1 (75% RDF) and 20:30:30 NPK kg ha-1 (50% RDF). Similarly, drip irrigation at 1.0 ETc recorded higher value of nutrient use efficiency of cluster bean followed by drip irrigation at 0.8 ETc. Application of drip fertigation at 20:30:30 NPK kg ha-1 (50% RDF) recorded higher value of nutrient use efficiency followed by 30:45:45 NPK kg ha-1 (75% RDF) through drip.
Thus, from the above findings it can be concluded that for realizing productive and profitable yield of cluster bean application of drip irrigation at 0.8 ETc scheduled at alternate day and fertigation at 30:45:45 NPK kg ha-1 (75% RDF) in six splits as per the fertigation schedule through water soluble fertilizers was found optimum.