Bio-ecology of Orthopteran Fauna in Maize Ecosystem of Udaipur Region
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Date
2024
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MPUAT, Udaipur
Abstract
The investigations on “Bio-ecology of Orthopteran Fauna in Maize Ecosystem
of Udaipur Region” were carried out at Department of Entomology, Rajasthan
College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur during July to November 2023, with the
following objectives of studying the diversity of short-horned and long-horned
grasshoppers in maize along with the identification and characterization of collected
orthopterans.
Total of 13 species were recorded from 5 acridid genera and 5 tettigonid
genera. The collected acridid genera (5) belonged to three sub-families (Acridinae,
Hemiacridinae and Oedipodinae) identified as Acrida Linnaeus, Aiolopus Fieber,
Hieroglyphus Krauss, Trilophidia Stal, and Parahieroglyphus Carl. The collected
tettigonid genera (4) belonged to three sub-families (Phaneropterinae,
Conocephalinae, Mecopodinae and Hexacentrinae) identified as Isopsera Brunner von
Wattenwyl, Elimaea Stal, Conocephalus Thunberg, Mecopoda Serville and
Hexacentrus Serville.
From the two collected families Acrididae and Tettigonidae, it was observed
that short-horned grasshoppers showed more abundance and higher diversity than the
long-horned grasshopper. Diversity Indices namely Shannon Diversity Index and
Simpson’s Diversity Index ranging from 4.9-6.82 and 1.69-1.93 respectively for
Acrididae and 1.95-7.60 and 0.68-1.74 respectively for Tettigonidae.
Among acridids species H.nigrorepletus showed highest abundance and
relative density 59.4% at Mavli in the month of October followed by H. banian i.e.,
37.6% at Mavli. Among the members of tettigonids species Conocephalus maculatus showed highest abundance and relative density 64.29% at Girwa in the month of July
followed by Conocephalus veginalis i.e., 62.5% at Vallabhnagar in the month of
November. Abundance and diversity of long-horned grasshoppers was recorded
significantly at evening hours as compare to morning hours.
Based on the external morphology, two long-horned and four short-horned
grasshopper were identified and the same was confirmed with the molecular analysis.
In the study, the COI gene sequences from Mecopodaelongata, Hexacentrus
japonicas, Hieroglyphus nigrorepletus, H. banian, Aiolopus thalassinus and
Trilophidia annulata samples showed a length of 620,602,542,603,654 and 641 bp,
respectively and BLASTn searches confirmed the presence of mentioned species in
the present study.
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Chundawat R. R. S. and Babu S. R.