GENE EXPRESSION PATTERN OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS OF BUFFALOES AFFECTED WITH UTERINE TORSION
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Date
2023-08
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the gene expression pattern of
inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of buffaloes affected with
uterine torsion. Graded Murrah buffaloes (n=104) with various forms of dystocia were
examined and the occurrence of dystocia due to maternal and foetal causes in the present
study was recorded to be 80.76 and 19.23%, respectively. Uterine torsion was the most
common and prevalent cause of maternal dystocia, accounting for 94.04% of cases of
maternal dystocia and 75.96% of all dystocia’s reported. The occurrence of uterine torsion
was more in pluriparous buffaloes (70.89%) and at term (60.76%). Occurrence of uterine
torsion was predominant towards right-side (92.40%) and post cervical (82.27%).
Successful detorsion was achieved by Modified Schaffer’s method in 82.27% of affected
cases (65/79). Regarding the survival rate, 94.94% dams and 35.38% foetus have
survived. Buffaloes with successful detorsion gave birth to 60% male and 40% female
calves.
Haematological parameters associated with uterine torsion affected buffaloes
(n=6) were evaluated and compared with normal calved buffaloes (n=6). Blood picture
revealed a significant (P<0.05) increase in total leucocyte count, neutrophil count and
significant (P<0.05) reduction in haemoglobin, lymphocyte count and further recorded a
non-significant (P>0.05) reduction in packed cell volume in uterine torsion affected
buffaloes when compared to normal calved buffaloes. Biochemical analysis revealed a
significant (P<0.05) reduction in total protein and albumin levels and showed significant
(P<0.05) increase in BUN levels in uterine torsion affected buffaloes when compared to
normal calved buffaloes. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference in levels of
globulin while significantly (P<0.01) higher levels of creatinine were recorded in uterine
torsion affected buffaloes.
Blood samples were collected to investigate the mRNA expression patterns of
inflammatory cytokine(s). The RT-qPCR results revealed that the expression of the
inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-10) were up-regulated in uterine torsion affected
buffaloes compared with normal calved buffaloes. The expression of TNF-α and IL-10
showed up-regulation with 1.83 and 2.27 fold changes, respectively in uterine torsion
affected buffaloes. Further, the expression of the Heat Shock Proteins (HSP-70 and HSP-
90) were also up-regulated in uterine torsion affected buffaloes compared with normal
calved buffaloes. The expression of HSP-70 and HSP-90 showed up-regulation with 2.03
and 2.12 fold changes, respectively in uterine torsion affected buffaloes.
In conclusion, uterine torsion had a substantial impact on haemato-biochemical
indicators in Graded Murrah buffaloes. Furthermore, it was clearly evident from the
results of present study that upregulation of expression occurred in certain genes such as
TNF--α, IL-10, HSP-70 and HSP-90 in uterine torsion affected buffaloes compared to
eutocia buffaloes that indicated tissue injury and stress, and they could be used as a scale
for evaluation of prognosis and initiation of early treatment.