Comparative Performance of Naked Neck and Normally Feathered Commercial Broilers Chicken During Summer Season
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Date
2016
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MAFSU, Nagpur
Abstract
The present study was conducted to to evaluate the performance of
Necked neck (Na) Ross-broiler chicken, their normal feathered (na) sibs and
Cobb strain with or without feed restriction during hot climatic condition (month of
April and May). Assessment of growth performance, humoral immune response, stress
parameters and evaluation of carcass traits in different comparative groups of
broiler strains
Commercial broiler chickens are more vulnerable to climate change
because birds can only tolerate narrow temperature ranges, 18-24˚C, the thermo
neutral zone for chicken. Climate condition including temperature, relative
humidity and ventilation will influence production performance, health and
carcass traits of broiler chickens. In the 20th century, there was an increase of
0.65˚C in the average global temperature and 0.2 to 0.3% increase of
precipitation in the tropical region. Through mathematical models based on data
recorded from oceans, atmosphere and biosphere has been predicted an
increase of 1.4 – 4.8˚C in global average temperature by the end of 21st century.
In this experiment three hundred six straight run commercial broiler Ross
(Na), Ross-308 and Cobb-400 chicks were used and further randomly and
equally allotted to six comparative groups. Among first three groups: group A,
group B and group C provided adlib diet compared to remaining last three
groups: group D, group E and group F feed restricted after the three weeks of
age during pick hot diurnal temperature from 11am to 5pm. Common maize and
soya based ration adequate in all nutrients were formulated for feeding of all
comparative groups of broiler strains provided with or without feed restriction.
Live body weight, gain in body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and
percentage of mortality were recorded weekly up to six weeks of age. Blood
sample collected weekly to estimate H:L ratio by wrights straining where as blood
sample collected at 21st day and 42th of experiment to recorded the humoral
immunological assays (HA and HI). Body temperature of birds recorded weekly
however, shed temperature and humidity recorded regularly to know the climatic
condition of environment. At the end of experiment the broiler birds from different
comparative groups of experiment sacrificed for evaluation of carcass traits and
also all input and output required economics were calculated. Data were
analyzed standard statistical tools (SPSS-17).
At the end of experiment it was observed that among the comparative
groups of broiler strains with or without feed restriction in group of Ross (Na) and
Cobb-400 recorded highest live body weight and gain in body weight compared
to Ross-308. Through the FCR values were not significantly differ among comparative groups of broiler strains with or without feed restriction but better
values were recorded in the Cobb-400 compared to Ross (Na) and Ross-308.
The mortality percentage recorded higher in Ross-308 and Ross (Na) compared
to Cobb-400 broiler strains with or without feed restricted.
The antibody titre of Newcastle disease was (P<0.05) significant higher in
Ross (Na) compared to Ross-308 and Cobb-400 broiler strains in comparative
groups of with or without feed restriction. The heterophils:Lymphocytes ratio were
higher in Ross-308 in contrast to Ross-308 and Cobb-400 whereas, lower in
Ross (Na) and Cobb-400 broiler strains among comparative groups of
experiment. However, there was no significant effect on body temperature of
broiler birds among comparative groups. Carcass traits evaluation can be
concluded that there was no significant difference among the broiler birds of
different strains reared with or without feed restriction. The overall performance
and economics were calculated and the Ross (Na) adlib diet achieves better
growth performance whereas, Cobb-400 adlib diet gives higher net profit.
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