ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION, MARKETING AND EXPORT POTENTIAL OF SELECTED VEGETABLES IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND
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Date
2009
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Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Abstract
Vegetable crops are essential part of our daily diet for maintaining the
physiological processes and metabolic activities of human body. These crops
also play an important role in the farm economy of our country as they give
much higher yield as compared to field crops and generate sustainable
employment during the labour intensive cultivation process. There are also
possibilities for earning valuable foreign exchange by exporting vegetables to
other countries during different seasons. Thus the present study was
undertaken to study the economics of production, marketing and export
potential of vegetables in Ranchi district of Jharkhand. For this purpose, a
sample of 150 farmers (109 marginal and 41 small) were selected from six
villages and two blocks of Ranchi district. The study revealed that the cost of
cultivation per hectare was Rs. 35631.35 for potato, Rs. 24744.74 for okra,
Rs. 24235.67 for Kharif season cauliflower, Rs. 24378.86 for Rabi season
cauliflower, Rs. 23784.45 for onion, Rs. 22355.39 for Kharif season tomato
and Rs. 22193.72 Rabi season tomato, on the marginal farms and Rs.
32898.91 for potato, Rs. 22614.85 for okra, Rs. 21148.83 for Kharif season
cauliflower, Rs. 21783.28 for Rabi season cauliflower, Rs. 21114.12 for onion,
Rs. 19699.71 for Kharif season tomato and Rs. 19739.06 for Rabi season
tomato per hectare, on the small farms. The yields of these crops were
observed as 145.79, 113.60, 115.22, 125.17, 116.98, 114.91 and 133.29
quintal per hectare, respectively on the marginal farms and 149.49, 128.85,
118.40, 128.45, 129.54, 117.52 and 136.35 quintal per hectare on the small
farms. The marginal farmers were obtaining a net income of Rs. 30119.94, Rs.
86015.26, Rs. 214500.17, Rs. 62238.78, Rs. 36811.19, Rs. 81293.43 and Rs.
55514.34 per hectare, respectively whereas, the small farmers were enjoying a
net income of Rs. 34521.08, Rs. 103013.90, Rs. 224175.97, Rs. 67104.12,
Rs. 45987.60, Rs. 86303.33 and Rs. 59752.99 per hectare, respectively from
cultivation of these crops. The input output analysis revealed that
expenditure on seed, manures and fertilizers and irrigation expenses were
having significant influence on yield of potato, okra and onion whereas, the
expenditure incurred on seed and manures and fertilizers were significantly
influencing the yield of cauliflower and tomato on different categories of
farms. Thus it was recommended to increase the level of use of these inputs
for maximization of profit. The vegetables produced on the sample farms were
marketed through various channels of marketing i.e. ‘producer-consumer’,
‘producer-retailer-consumer’ and ‘producer- wholesaler/ commission agentsretailer-
consumer’ etc. The producers share on consumers rupee was the
highest on the first channel and the lowest on the third channel from
marketing of potato, okra, onion and tomato however, the third marketing
channel offered the highest producers share from marketing of cauliflower as
the entire Kharif season cauliflower were sold through this channel to the
markets located in Kolkata city at a very premium price. The functional
analysis for marketed surplus revealed that the most influencing factor for the
marketed surplus of the selected vegetables was level of production for all
crops however, annual income and price in potato, family size in okra and
family size and annual income in cauliflower was also affected the marketed
surplus of these vegetables. The study revealed that a huge quantum of
additional production is possible by bridging the yield gap between farmers’
field and demonstration plot for these vegetables which can be exported to
potential overseas markets at certain periods of the year. However, certain
quality criteria imposed by the respective importing countries and Hazard
Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) criteria should be strictly followed for
making an entry into the global markets.
Description
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION, MARKETING AND EXPORT POTENTIAL OF SELECTED VEGETABLES IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND
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