Evaluation of losses due to Suidasia nesbitti Hughes (Acari: Suidasiidae) in Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) and its management
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Date
2021-01
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The studies on losses due to Suidasia nesbitti in Bengal gram varieties revealed that Kabuli and Desi channa were
susceptible to mites. The population was 199, 1091.333, 2405.66 mites/ g and 260, 2478.667, 4226 mites/g in
whole, broken grains and flour of Kabuli and Desi channa. Flour form harboured significantly more number of mites
(682.95 mites/g) than broken(332.52 mites/g) and whole (70.33 mites/g channa) grains of Kabulichanna. In Desi
channa also, the number of mites recorded on flour (4226 mites/g flour) was significantly more than the mites
recorded on broken (2478.667 mites/g) and whole (260 mites/g) grains. Irrespective of forms, weight loss was 4.24
per cent in Kabuli channa and 4.75 per cent in Desi channa after 180 days of infestation. Discolouration of whole
grains, progressive blackening of broken grains and flour of Kabuli and Desi channa was witnessed with increase in
observation period. At 150 and 180 days characteristic pungent odour was emitted. The loss in protein content was
3.05, 4.54 percent and 3.93, 5.01 percent in whole and broken grains of Kabuli and Desi channa after 180 days. The
loss in total soluble sugar content was 5.82, 12.69, 17.39percent and 8.69, 14.24 ,20.83 percent in whole, broken
grains and flour of Kabulichanna and Desi channa, respectively after 180 days. Percent increase in reducing sugars
was 4.61, 10.1, 13.94 percent in whole, broken grains and flour of Kabuli channa at 180 days. Similarly, in Desi
channa it was 7.15, 13.01, 15.83 percent in whole, broken grains and flour. Percent loss in non-reducing sugars was
6.76 to 12.85 in all Kabuli channa forms and 8.71 to 15.68 in Desi channa forms after 180 days. The loss in starch
content was 1.09, 1.29, 1.66 percent and 1.54, 1.81, 2.19 percent in whole, broken grains and flour of Kabuli channa
and Desi channa, respectively after 180 days. Length of plumule and radical significantly decreased to 0 cm with
increase in S. nesbitti population in grains. The germination percentage was nil at 120, 150 and 180 days. Aqueous
extract of Mentha pipertica at 8 percent concentration caused 100 percent mortality within 30 days of treatment
whereas; no mites were recovered from 4 percent treated grains after 45 days of treatment. Amongst the two
extracts, methanolic extract of M. pipertica was more effective against S. nesbitti because of lower LC50 value
(1.15%) than aqueous extract of M.pipertica (1.74%) under direct spray bioassay. With increase in aqueous and
methanolic extract concentrations from 0.5 to 8 percent, esterase and Glutathione-S-transferase activity of S. nesbitti
increased significantly.