INFLUENCE OF ANTI-HAIL NET ON CROPPING AND FRUIT QUALITY OF APPLE (Malus × domestica Borkh.) UNDER HIGH DENSITY PLANTATION
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Date
2022-12, 2022-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
UHF,NAUNI
UHF,NAUNI
UHF,NAUNI
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present investigation entitled “Influence of anti-hail net on cropping and fruit quality of apple
(Malus × domestica Borkh.) under high density plantation” was carried out in high density apple orchard of
Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during
the year 2021 and 2022, in order to assess the effect of different time of installation and colour of anti-hail net on
cropping and fruit quality of apple under high density plantation. The experiment consists of three different
installation time treatments (T1 – 15 days before expected full bloom; T2-at full bloom; T3-15 days after full
bloom) and two anti-hail net colour treatments (C1 – Blue colour anti-hail net and C2- White colour anti-hail net)
each replicated thrice and was laid out in Randomized Block Design (factorial). The result obtained from the
pooled data in the present investigation depicted that the best time for installation of anti-hail net is 15 days after
full bloom (T3) followed by installation at full bloom (T2). The maximum below canopy-PAR (518.68 nm),
above canopy-PAR (1128.55 nm), photosynthetic rate (12.57 μmol CO2/m2/s), transpiration rate (7.85 mmol
H2O/m2/s), stomatal conductance (0.18 mol H2O/m2/s), leaf area (39.22 cm2), leaf area index (0.77) fruit set
62.55 %), yield (13.92 kg/tree), productivity (55.67 MT/ha) yield efficiency (0.36 kg/cm2TCSA), fruit length
(62.08 mm), fruit diameter (74.77 mm), fruit weight (173.78 g), fruit volume (199.17 cc), fruit firmness (7.59
kg/cm2), RSC (99.17 %), TSS (9.45º Brix), total sugars (9.17 %), ascorbic acid (5.83 mg/100g) and anthocyanin
content (0.82) was recoded in treatment T3 (15 days after full bloom). However, the highest annual shoot growth
(30.67 cm) and titratable acidity (0.36 %) was recorded in treatment T1(15 days before expected full bloom)
which was significantly followed by treatment T2 (at full bloom). With respect to colour of anti-hail net, the
white colour anti-hail net was found superior in comparison to blue colour anti-hail net owing to the maximum
light transmission and interception and recorded the maximum below canopy-PAR (534.41 nm), above canopy-
PAR (1234.49 nm), photosynthetic rate (12.31 μmol CO2/m2/s), transpiration rate (7.56 mmol H2O/m2/s),
stomatal conductance, (0.16 mol H2O/m2/s), leaf area (40.37 cm2), leaf area index (0.76), fruit set 62.11 %),
yield (13.38 kg/tree), productivity (53.51 MT/ha), yield efficiency (0.35 kg/cm2TCSA), fruit length (61.86 mm),
fruit diameter (74.47 mm), fruit weight (168.36 g), fruit volume (187.22 cc), fruit firmness (8.22 kg/cm2), RSC
(99.17 %),TSS (9.42º Brix), total sugars (9.14 %)), ascorbic acid (6.50 mg/100g), anthocyanin content (0.84).
However, the highest annual shoot growth (30.49 cm) and titratable acidity (0.35 %) was recorded in treatment
C1(blue colour anti-hail net). From the present studies, it is concluded that installation of white colour anti-hail
net 15 days after full bloom resulted in better productivity and fruit quality in apples under high density
plantation followed by installation at full bloom.
ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Influence of anti-hail net on cropping and fruit quality of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) under high density plantation” was carried out in high density apple orchard of Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during the year 2021 and 2022, in order to assess the effect of different time of installation and colour of anti-hail net on cropping and fruit quality of apple under high density plantation. The experiment consists of three different installation time treatments (T1 – 15 days before expected full bloom; T2-at full bloom; T3-15 days after full bloom) and two anti-hail net colour treatments (C1 – Blue colour anti-hail net and C2- White colour anti-hail net) each replicated thrice and was laid out in Randomized Block Design (factorial). The result obtained from the pooled data in the present investigation depicted that the best time for installation of anti-hail net is 15 days after full bloom (T3) followed by installation at full bloom (T2). The maximum below canopy-PAR (518.68 nm), above canopy-PAR (1128.55 nm), photosynthetic rate (12.57 μmol CO2/m2/s), transpiration rate (7.85 mmol H2O/m2/s), stomatal conductance (0.18 mol H2O/m2/s), leaf area (39.22 cm2), leaf area index (0.77) fruit set 62.55 %), yield (13.92 kg/tree), productivity (55.67 MT/ha) yield efficiency (0.36 kg/cm2TCSA), fruit length (62.08 mm), fruit diameter (74.77 mm), fruit weight (173.78 g), fruit volume (199.17 cc), fruit firmness (7.59 kg/cm2), RSC (99.17 %), TSS (9.45º Brix), total sugars (9.17 %), ascorbic acid (5.83 mg/100g) and anthocyanin content (0.82) was recoded in treatment T3 (15 days after full bloom). However, the highest annual shoot growth (30.67 cm) and titratable acidity (0.36 %) was recorded in treatment T1(15 days before expected full bloom) which was significantly followed by treatment T2 (at full bloom). With respect to colour of anti-hail net, the white colour anti-hail net was found superior in comparison to blue colour anti-hail net owing to the maximum light transmission and interception and recorded the maximum below canopy-PAR (534.41 nm), above canopy- PAR (1234.49 nm), photosynthetic rate (12.31 μmol CO2/m2/s), transpiration rate (7.56 mmol H2O/m2/s), stomatal conductance, (0.16 mol H2O/m2/s), leaf area (40.37 cm2), leaf area index (0.76), fruit set 62.11 %), yield (13.38 kg/tree), productivity (53.51 MT/ha), yield efficiency (0.35 kg/cm2TCSA), fruit length (61.86 mm), fruit diameter (74.47 mm), fruit weight (168.36 g), fruit volume (187.22 cc), fruit firmness (8.22 kg/cm2), RSC (99.17 %),TSS (9.42º Brix), total sugars (9.14 %)), ascorbic acid (6.50 mg/100g), anthocyanin content (0.84). However, the highest annual shoot growth (30.49 cm) and titratable acidity (0.35 %) was recorded in treatment C1(blue colour anti-hail net). From the present studies, it is concluded that installation of white colour anti-hail net 15 days after full bloom resulted in better productivity and fruit quality in apples under high density plantation followed by installation at full bloom.
ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Influence of anti-hail net on cropping and fruit quality of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) under high density plantation” was carried out in high density apple orchard of Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during the year 2021 and 2022, in order to assess the effect of different time of installation and colour of anti-hail net on cropping and fruit quality of apple under high density plantation. The experiment consists of three different installation time treatments (T1 – 15 days before expected full bloom; T2-at full bloom; T3-15 days after full bloom) and two anti-hail net colour treatments (C1 – Blue colour anti-hail net and C2- White colour anti-hail net) each replicated thrice and was laid out in Randomized Block Design (factorial). The result obtained from the pooled data in the present investigation depicted that the best time for installation of anti-hail net is 15 days after full bloom (T3) followed by installation at full bloom (T2). The maximum below canopy-PAR (518.68 nm), above canopy-PAR (1128.55 nm), photosynthetic rate (12.57 μmol CO2/m2/s), transpiration rate (7.85 mmol H2O/m2/s), stomatal conductance (0.18 mol H2O/m2/s), leaf area (39.22 cm2), leaf area index (0.77) fruit set 62.55 %), yield (13.92 kg/tree), productivity (55.67 MT/ha) yield efficiency (0.36 kg/cm2TCSA), fruit length (62.08 mm), fruit diameter (74.77 mm), fruit weight (173.78 g), fruit volume (199.17 cc), fruit firmness (7.59 kg/cm2), RSC (99.17 %), TSS (9.45º Brix), total sugars (9.17 %), ascorbic acid (5.83 mg/100g) and anthocyanin content (0.82) was recoded in treatment T3 (15 days after full bloom). However, the highest annual shoot growth (30.67 cm) and titratable acidity (0.36 %) was recorded in treatment T1(15 days before expected full bloom) which was significantly followed by treatment T2 (at full bloom). With respect to colour of anti-hail net, the white colour anti-hail net was found superior in comparison to blue colour anti-hail net owing to the maximum light transmission and interception and recorded the maximum below canopy-PAR (534.41 nm), above canopy- PAR (1234.49 nm), photosynthetic rate (12.31 μmol CO2/m2/s), transpiration rate (7.56 mmol H2O/m2/s), stomatal conductance, (0.16 mol H2O/m2/s), leaf area (40.37 cm2), leaf area index (0.76), fruit set 62.11 %), yield (13.38 kg/tree), productivity (53.51 MT/ha), yield efficiency (0.35 kg/cm2TCSA), fruit length (61.86 mm), fruit diameter (74.47 mm), fruit weight (168.36 g), fruit volume (187.22 cc), fruit firmness (8.22 kg/cm2), RSC (99.17 %),TSS (9.42º Brix), total sugars (9.14 %)), ascorbic acid (6.50 mg/100g), anthocyanin content (0.84). However, the highest annual shoot growth (30.49 cm) and titratable acidity (0.35 %) was recorded in treatment C1(blue colour anti-hail net). From the present studies, it is concluded that installation of white colour anti-hail net 15 days after full bloom resulted in better productivity and fruit quality in apples under high density plantation followed by installation at full bloom.