GENETIC VARIATION AND INTERRELATIONSHIP STUDIES IN F2 GENERATIONS OF GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) 2385
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Date
2017-07
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JAU,JUNAGADH
Abstract
Key Words: Variability, Correlation and Path analysis
Groundnut is one of the most important oilseed crop. To know the extent of variability for yield related traits and their associations with other traits particularly in segregating population of groundnut, this study was undertaken. The experimental material consisted of six F2s and their twelve parents of groundnut. The experiment was laid-out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The required quantity of seeds of F2s and parents of six crosses were obtained from the Research Scientist (Groundnut), Main Oilseeds Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh and was sown in the summer, 2016 at the Main Oilseeds Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. A set of 12 parents and their 6 F2s of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were utilized to estimate genetic variability, correlation and path analysis. The observations on randomly selected five plants of parents and fifty plants of F2s from individual plot were recorded for nine characters, viz., days to appearance of first flower, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, plant height, number of matured pods per plant, number immature pods per plant, kernel yield per plant, shelling outturn and pod yield per plant.
The mean sums of squares due to genotypes, parents as well as F2s were highly significant for all the characters indicating thereby sufficient variability in the materials studied. The mean sums of squares due to parents versus crosses in all the characters indicated significant deviation of F2 population from the parents.
The results indicated that differences among the genotypes found significant across the crosses for all the characters. Crosses under study were exceeded the range of their respective parents either in negative or positive directions indicating transgressive segregation in all the characters, should be exploited to select for individual superior to the parents.
The estimates of genotypic coefficient and phenotypic coefficient of variances were found moderate to high in magnitude in most of the crosses for all the characters except in days to appearance of first flower and days to maturity. Moderate heritability values were noticed for most of the characters. Genetic advance expressed as percentage of mean was also moderate to high in most of the characters. High heritability along with high genetic advance and high value of GCV and PCV for pod yield per plant in Cross 2 and Cross 6 in kernel yield per plant were exhibited by the F2 population. Thus, it can be concluded that this Cross 6 for kernel yield per plant and Cross 2 for pod yield per plant was mainly under the influence of additive gene actions and selection would be effective for improving these traits.
Pod yield per plant had significant and positive association with number of matured pods per plant, kernel yield per plant and shelling outturn. These characters can be considered as selection criteria for higher yield as they were mutually and directly associated with pod yield per plant. Out of nine characters studied, kernel yield per plant exerted maximum positive direct effect on pod yield per plant. Indirect effect of number of matured pods per plant and shelling outturn through kernel yield per plant were high. When both direct and indirect contribution were considered for number of matured pods per plant, kernel yield per plant and shelling outturn were proved to be an outstanding characters influencing pod yield per plant in groundnut.
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PLANT BREEDING