Comparative study on livelihood security of small and marginal farm households in two districts of Punjab
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Date
2019
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Today, the mainstay of Punjab’s economy is gasping for breath and the farmers are in
distress. The most effected are marginal and small farmers who find it increasingly hard to
sustain on farming. A majority of these land holders suffer from unemployment and poverty,
which results in failure to achieve necessary household living over time. The risk of
livelihood failure determines their level of vulnerability to income, food, health and
nutritional insecurity. Present study has been conducted with the objective of i) to determine
association between socio-economic characteristics and livelihood security of selected farm
households, ii) to assess livelihood security of farm household and iii) to identify the
problems of small and marginal farmers and suggest plausible measures. The study was
conducted in the rural areas of Fatehgarh Sahib and Ludhiana districts of Punjab. Through
stratified random selection technique, total 88 small and marginal farm households selected
from eight villages of four blocks in selected districts were interviewed. The analyses of data
show that the number of nuclear families was almost double to joint families. Only 6.81% of
the households had income more than Rs. five lac/a. Majority of the households had medium
to low level of household livelihood security. Both the districts characterized by low level of
educational and economic security. More than half of the households were in favor of joint
family system for better livelihood security. The study suggests that livelihood security could
be improved by providing skill based education in rural schools and off farm employment
opportunities.
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